MISSIONS IN THE 
SUNDAY SCHOOL 



A MANUAL OF METHODS 



H IX SON 





Class ^ ?; U (o 
Book_ <H5 
Cojpghl N° 



("OnRKiHT DEPOSIT. 




The "Morning Star" 



See page 135 



MISSIONS IN THE 
SUNDAY SCHOOL 

A MANUAL of METHODS 



By 
MARTHA B. HIXSON, M, A. 



YOUNG PEOPLE'S MISSIONARY MOVEMENT 
NEW YORK 



LIBRARY of CONGRESS 
Two CoDics Received 

JUN 11 1906 

CLASS CO XXcJJIo, 
COPY B. 



V 



^ 



tf 



\o 



tf 



Copyright, 1906, by 

THE YOUNG PEOPLE' S MISSIONARY MOVEMENT 



INTRODUCTION. 

No Sunday-school can live within four square 
walls. To attempt it is suicidal. The Church, 
Sunday-school, or individual, for that matter, 
whose Christian life is self-centered, has already 
started on a fatal decline. There is absolutely no 
exception to this rule. 

On the other hand the opposite is true: 
that the Church, Sunday-school, or individual, 
with a world view of the kingdom of Jesus Christ 
and recognizing responsibility thereto, will grow 
in spirituality and power. We have forgotten all 
too long that the way to have plenty at home is to 
"make a little cake" for God first. 

Never have I held a book in my hand with 
greater joy than this volume. Never was a book 
more greatly needed, especially in the Sunday- 
school world. It deals with fundamentals. The 
very foundation of our success is here treated 
with a master hand and in the simplest and most 
practical manner. The more our Sunday-schools 
know about missions the more they will desire 
to help the cause. The more they help, the 
greater will be their interest in their home work. 

One reason why we are so far behind in this 



iv INTRODUCTION 

phase of Christian service — indeed, farther behind 
than we are in teacher training, grading, manage- 
ment, Bible study, and extension work — is because 
there has not been given to the children and youth 
in our Sunday-schools, systematic, comprehen- 
sive, and attractive instruction along missionary 
lines. 

This book is a very gold mine of suggestions. 
Its strength is in the simplicity and explicitness of 
its treatment of the subjects it deals with. Many 
superintendents and teachers do not know how to 
make a Missionary Day attractive. This book 
will tell how. Many do not know where to 
gather the material for effective missionary ad- 
dresses. This book will answer that question, not 
only in its pages, but in the splendid bibliography 
in the back. 

It is my candid judgment that twenty-five 
years of sane, systematic missionary instruction 
in our Sunday-schools will forever do away with 
the great debts carried by our missionary boards, 
multiply by millions the money poured into their 
treasuries, and increase ten-fold the number of 
missionaries who are carrying the Gospel to those 
who need it in the homeland and foreign coun- 
tries. 



INTRODUCTION v 

Every pastor should own this book; likewise 
every superintendent and teacher. It should be 
placed in the Workers' Library of every Sunday- 
school. New vigor would be added to the teach- 
ers' meeting if this book were read there chapter 
by chapter. If you have no other book in your 
library, buy this and see that every worker in the 
school reads it. The suggestions in it, if carried 
out, will add life to the school, numbers to the 
roll, money to the treasury, besides all that is done 
specifically for missionary work. May God's 
blessing go with it in its mission of usefulness. 

Marion Lawrance. 
Toledo, Ohio, April, 1906. 



CONTENTS 

Chapter Page 

I. The Sunday School and Missions 1 

II. The Missionary Organization of the 

Sunday School 12 

III. Missionary Exercises, Senior and Inter- 

mediate Departments 25 

IV. The Primary Department 44 

V. Mission Study 56 

VI. The Missionary Library 66 

VII. Map and Chart Work 82 

VIII. Pictures, Objects, and Other Material . . 103 

IX. Giving 119 

X. Prayer 136 

XI. Practical Missionary Work 153 

XII. Sunday School Convention Programs 159 



APPENDIXES 

A. The International Sunday School Conven- 

tion and Missions 179 

B. Mission Study Courses and Libraries 181 

C. Suggested Helps for Sunday School Workers 189 

D. Chart Diagrams 194 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 

The "Morning Star" Frontispiece 

Field and Period for Missionary 

Training Facing Page 4 

Faithful Workers in Japan " " 14 

Boys are Boys the World Over. . . " " 31 

Japanese Curios " " 47 

A Mission Study Class " " 62 

Some Attractive Missionary Leaf- 
lets " " 79 

Sand Tray and Indian Pueblo Design " " 92 

Dai Butsu, Kamakura, Japan " " 105 

Suggestive Mite-Boxes " " 130 

Dr. John G. Paton and Children in 

Aniwa " " 145 

Little Mother Club, New York City. " " 155 

A Missionary Exhibit " " 170 



CHART DIAGRAMS 

I. Religious Census of the World Page 194 

II. Our Home Mission Problem " 195 

III. The Great Non-Christian World.. " 196 

IV. India Womanhood " 197 

V. The Population of China " 198 

VI. Japan the Key to the Orient " 199 

VII. World Mission Progress " 200 

VIII. How Americans Spend Their Money " 201 
IX. The Evangelization of the World in 

This Generation " 202 



MISSIONS IN THE 
SUNDAY SCHOOL 



CHAPTER I 

THE SUNDAY SCHOOL AND MISSIONS 

In the problem of the world's evangelization, 
the Sunday-school, of all forms of Church organi- 
zation, is supreme in its possibilities for service. 
Its field is the world, and it deals with the most 
impressionable age in life. Because of its youth, 
its wealth of lives, and its resources in gifts and 
prayers, it stands unmatched in the religious 
realm. 

Pivotal Place of the Sunday School 

The Sunday-school represents the main teach- 
ing work of the Church. It should aim to secure 
the conversion, the development in Christian life, 
and the training for service of each person who 
enters its fold. To this end it is essential that 
the Sunday-school be thoroughly equipped and 
earnest in its service. The parent Church must 
recognize the latent possibilities of its Sunday- 
schools. The Roman Catholic Church has not 
been mistaken in the nurture which she has 
bestowed upon her children. Notice the devotion 
of her people to the Church, and her extension 
throughout the world. Says Dr. Charles E. 



2 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Jefferson: "With all her follies and crimson 
stains, Rome goes on her conquering way, be- 
cause she knows the value of a child." 1 

Thus far, "America has practically been saved 
to Protestant Christianity by the Sunday-school/'* 
Yet we must remember that while eighty-seven 
per cent, of the members of evangelical Churches 
come from the Sunday-schools, this only includes 
forty per cent, of its membership. In other 
words, sixty per cent, of those who have at some 
time been affiliated with the Sunday-school never 
unite with the Church; and for every two of its 
members who are saved to its service three pass 
out never to return." 

The Value of Childhood 

In the economy of the world God has laid 
special emphasis upon the value of a little child. 
"Lo, children are a heritage of Jehovah," said 
the Psalmist. 4 In three Gospels it is recorded 
that Jesus Christ said to his disciples, "Suffer the 

1 Quoted by G. W. Mead, Modern Methods in Sun- 
day School Work, 15. 

a H. C. Trumbull, Yale Lectures on the Sunday 
School, 122. 

"J. F. Goucher, Address, "The Sunday School and 
Missions." 

4 Psalm cxxvii. 3. 



VALUE OF CHILDHOOD 3 

little children, and forbid them not, to come unto 
me: for to such belongeth the kingdom of 
heaven." 1 

Through some incident in childhood Alexander 
Duff, Fidelia Fiske, Eliza Agnew, Alexander 
Mackay, and others received their first impulse to 
become missionaries. David Livingstone de- 
clared his missionary purpose at twenty-one, 
Jacob Chamberlain at nineteen, Bishop Thoburn 
at seventeen, and James Chalmers at fifteen years 
of age. 

It is worthy of note that in foreign mission 
work the strategic importance of work among the 
children is not underestimated. Tradition says 
that the first convert to Protestant Christianity in 
Korea was won by a little Christian Chinese lad. 
The Ewa school for girls in Seoul, Korea, was 
first started through the agency of a poor, way- 
worn waif. 

The Sunday School a Great Opportunity 

Some thoughtful people ask why Sunday- 
school workers are continually talking about the 
children and youth, and are sometimes seemingly 

1 Matt. xix. 14 ; Mark x. 14 ; Luke xviii. 16. 



4 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

neglectful of the adult members of the school. 
The workers realize that from the ranks of the 
young the Church membership will be largely 
recruited, and that the training to and through 
the period of adolescence most often brings soul 
victory. 

Statistics show that eighty-seven per cent, of 
the evangelical Church members have been 
trained in the Sunday-school, and that the largest 
number of conversions occur between twelve and 
twenty, the sixteenth year being the year of maxi- 
mum number of conversions for girls, and the 
seventeenth year for boys. 1 The age of greatest 
religious interest and conversion naturally consti- 
tutes the period for the most effective and fruitful 
missionary training. 

It is evident that if for thirty consecutive 
years all the young people in the world be- 
tween ten and twenty-three years of age could 
be reached by Christian teaching, the world's 
evangelization would be accomplished! Of 
equal significance are the words of Mr. John 
P. Pepper, of the International Sunday School 
Lesson Committee, "I do verily believe that the 

1 Address, J. F. Goucher, "Young People and the 
World's Evangelization." 



THE CHURCH OF TO MORR OW 

is to be foun< 

in the 

Boys 

and 

Girls 

and the 

You n ^ 

People of To-day 




M 



THE PERIOD FOR MIS5I0NARYTRAINING 

eS 9 10 I! IZ 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 21 11 24 



W 



Ja 



^ 



nffn 



%m£& 



S3S 



*3fc 



r£i 



Jtge of Greatest Religious Interest 

Age 8 9 10 II 12 [3 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 11 23 2 4, 




*«s 



2£ 



gfo 



Vr/y^ 



&S=J 



jQge of Conversion 



Field and Period for Missionary Training 



OBLIGATION TO KNOW 5 

heathen nations can be converted to the religion 
of Jesus Christ in one generation if the Church 
will but rear in faith a generation to do the 
work." 1 

The Obligation to Know Christian Missions 

President John F. Goucher, of the Woman's 
College, Baltimore, Maryland, expresses clearly 
the missionary ideal for Christian character. "If 
we would pray Thy kingdom come' with intel- 
ligent sympathy, we must have knowledge of 
what the petition implies. The study of missions 
is the study of the spirit, the life, the activity, the 
method, the objective, of the Church and the 
means to the establishment of the kingdom. The 
gage of the Church is its missionary spirit and 
activity. This is the all-inclusive work of the 
Church, covering evangelistic, educational, hos- 
pital, orphanage, and every form of Christian ac- 
tivity. , , 

"All kinds of benevolent societies are but limited 
forms or special differentiations of the one great, 
comprehensive mission of the Church, and subsid- 
iary to it. It is essential, therefore, that the 

1 Address before the New Orleans Missionary Con- 
ference, 1901. 



6 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

study of God's purpose and plan to extend his 
kingdom, as revealed in the Bible, should be il- 
lustrated, supplemented, and enforced by the 
study of the development of God's kingdom as it 
is being wrought out through Christian mis- 



The Sunday School and the Missionary Ideal 

The Sunday-school instruction should clearly 
embody the missionary ideal. Some Christian 
teachers lack perspective in their teaching, in that 
they do not place first things first, and emphasize 
the fundamentals of complete Christian life and 
experience. They cannot do their whole duty 
and neglect to teach the missionary principle. 
Frequently in religious organizations as in our 
individual lives, we become self-centered. Says 
Dr. Charles W. Rishell, "One of the most serious 
dangers of the Sunday-school is that it will train 
its members to be passive recipients of good 
rather than active bestowers of good.'" In some 
cases the teachers have not clearly grasped the 
idea of the Bible as a missionary book. It must 

*J. F. Goucher, Address, "The Sunday School and 
Missions." 
a C. W. Rishell, The Child as God's Child, 137. 



THE MISSIONARY IDEAL 7 

be remembered that this Book is the authentic 
record of the way in which God has gradually but 
surely revealed himself to the human race; that 
it is the means by which that revelation is to en- 
lighten the whole earth, and bring all men to a 
full knowledge of himself. The so-called proof- 
texts, such as "Go ye therefore, and make dis- 
ciples of all the nations,' , are but the inevitable 
deductions, "corollaries," from the Gospel itself. 1 
Neither should we forget that Christ himself was 
the greatest missionary which the world has seen. 
Therefore, we should endeavor to mold every 
Christian life on the missionary basis, and thus 
enable all disciples of Jesus Christ to accept the 
obligation which God has laid upon them. The 
missionary ideal kept systematically before the 
Sunday-school will enable it to possess a knowl- 
edge of the growth of Christianity, its power, its 
adaptability to all nations and individuals, and its 
absolute necessity in the development of the 
world. 

Missions in Building Christian Character 

Testimonies from young people throughout the 
country who have been studying missions sys- 

1 R. F. Horton, The Bible a Missionary Book, 27-30. 



8 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

tematically for a year or more emphasize the sub- 
stantial place which missionary achievement and 
missionary biography may have in the life of 
young people. Mission study broadens the intel- 
lectual horizon, deepens the spiritual life, en- 
courages personal service, and creates a broad 
sympathy with the world-wide mission of Christ. 
One student says, "It puts iron into the blood." 
Another says, "The faith and devotion of the 
missionaries and native Christians stimulate us to 
greater faith and sacrifice." 

The Sunday School a Recruiting Force 

An interest in missions is not sufficient to save 
the world. The propaganda upon which we have 
entered demands an immediate increase in the 
staff of workers in the home and foreign fields. 
At the present time there are not enough candi- 
dates applying to meet the needs of the boards, 
and the missionaries are asking for a still greater 
number. Age and illness are depleting the ranks 
of those at the front, new fields are waiting to be 
occupied, and weak points must be fortified. 
Bishop Thoburn, in a letter to the Student Vol- 
unteer Movement, says: "Thousands of well- 
qualified young men and young women are not 



A RECRUITING FORCE 9 

even thinking of the missionary enterprise, sim- 
ply because it has never been brought before 
them in such a way as to suggest that they could 
engage in it if they so desired." 1 The Sunday- 
school alone is capable of providing missionaries 
sufficient for the world's evangelization. The 
membership of the Sunday-schools in the United 
States and Canada is not less than 14,000,000. It 
is from the various organizations of the Church 
that the majority of the young men and women 
enter the colleges and universities for training to 
prepare themselves for this service, or while there 
experience a call to the mission field. On the 
basis that it will require 40,000 missionaries to 
evangelize the world, 8 it will not require a tithe, 
but only one three-hundred-and-fiftieth of the 
present membership of this Sunday-school body. 
The numbers will be forthcoming when the 
Church and the Sunday-school are fully respon- 
sive to the thought of Christ. 

Making Effective Christ's Commission 

The divine commission of the Sunday-school, 
as well as the Church, is to carry to completion 

1 John R. Mott, The Pastor and Modem Missions, 162. 

2 Ibid., 156. 



10 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

our Lord's purpose for the evangelization of the 
world. The realm of activity for the Christian 
Church is the world. "Ye shall be my witnesses 
. . . unto the uttermost part of the earth." 1 It is 
one of the most hopeful signs of the present time 
that the Sunday-school is gaining in its mission- 
ary spirit. Sunday-school workers are finding a 
rapidly increasing place for the presentation of 
missions, both in the regular work of the Sunday- 
school and on convention programs. 

The well-known Sunday-school writer, the 
Rev. F. N. Peloubet, says that the Sunday-school 
which will be in the front line "will be a mission- 
ary school, deeply interested in spreading the 
Gospel, widening the horizon even of the younger 
scholars, and building them up in an unselfish de- 
sire to help others ... in the great work of the 
Church. The missionary interest is the saving of 
the Church, the enriching of the Church, the 
broadening of the Church." 2 

In another recent work on Sunday-school 
methods, the Rev. George W. Mead says: "No 
one thing is more significant of the growth of 

1 Acts i. 8. 

2 F. N. Peloubet, The Front Line of the Sunday School 
Movement, 39. 



CHRIST'S COMMISSION 11 

Christianity and its matchless power upon the 
world than the growth of the spirit of missions in 
Bible-schools [Sunday-schools]. There are now 
whole Bible-schools organized as schools with the 
purpose of the Master; the Gospel for every 
creature. These missionary schools . . . with 
eyes upon the world's horizon, . . . are the 
growing schools, increasing mightily in numbers, 
gifts, and powers, following in the wake of the 
Moravian Church, with a continual revival at 
home." 1 

1 G. W. Mead, Modern Methods in Sunday School 
Work, 232. 



CHAPTER II 

THE MISSIONARY ORGANIZATION OF THE 
SUNDAY SCHOOL 

The plan of organizing the Sunday-school into 
a missionary society having its own officers has 
been one of the most successful forms of mission- 
ary organization in the Sunday-school. This 
plan has been in vogue in the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church for more than fifty years, with the re- 
sult that the gift of its Sunday-schools to mis- 
sions during the year 1905 amounted to $510,773, 
the largest of any denomination. The work of 
such an organization is not antagonistic to the 
regular progress of the Sunday-school, but a nat- 
ural and stimulating part of it. 

In some denominations power has been vested 
in a permanent missionary committee which 
seeks to make the school a real power for mis- 
sions. 

The Superintendent 

It is essential that the Sunday-school superin- 
tendent, standing as he does for all the interests 
of the school, be thoroughly informed concerning 



THE SUPERINTENDENT 13 

missions and the missionary enterprise, and that 
he stand in such close and sympathetic relation- 
ship to the missionary society or the missionary 
committee that the very best results will be ob- 
tained. Mr. Marion Lawrance, General Secretary 
of the International Sunday School Association, 
and for twenty-eight years a superintendent, says : 
"Many schools are woefully ignorant of the mis- 
sionary work of their denomination. We super- 
intendents are at fault. The schools ought to 
know and to be interested. Then they will give. 
'No information — no inspiration'." 1 

The Teacher 

A great responsibility for promoting results 
also rests upon the teachers, because of their per- 
sonal relation to the individuals who make up the 
schools. The biography of David Livingstone 
emphasizes the fact that the religious life of this 
consecrated missionary "had a resemblance to 
that of David Hogg, under whose instruction he 
had sat in the Sunday-school." 3 The late B. F. 

1 Marion Lawrance, How to Conduct a Sunday School, 
24. 

a W. G. Blaikie, The Personal Life of David Living- 
stone, 32, 33, 



14 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Jacobs said, "A Sunday-school worker who is 
not a missionary worker is out of place." 1 If all 
Sunday-school teachers were patterned after this 
ideal the world's evangelization would be has- 
tened by several decades. 

Size and Membership of Schools 

Many Sunday-school workers throughout the 
various denominations may feel that it is impos- 
sible for them to accomplish large results for mis- 
sions because the schools are small and are 
meagerly equipped. The average Sunday-school 
in this country numbers less than one hundred 
people all told, and must from necessity meet in 
one room. 2 The plans and suggestions offered in 
this manual are the result of work done in Sun- 
day-schools of all grades and sizes, and it is be- 
lieved that with wisdom, discretion, and unfailing 
courage every Sunday-school may be organized 
for effective missionary service. 

Work of the Missionary Committee 

The success of organizing the Sunday-school 
for missions will not depend so much upon the 

1 Quoted by Belle M. Brain, Holding the Ropes, 124. 
3 Marion Lawrance, How to Conduct a Sundav School, 
44. 




^|K>^^ •;■ 






' 



" v 



MJS. *X, 



WORK OF COMMITTEE 15 

size of the school as upon the consecration and 
efficiency of the workers. In small schools the 
committee should consist of three, and in larger 
schools of five members ; sometimes it may be ad- 
visable to have more persons on the committee. 
The committee should meet at least once a month 
for prayer and plans, and should regularly report 
its progress to the board directing the Sunday- 
school. There should be a division of responsi- 
bility and each member of the committee should 
be designated to develop some special points of 
the policy outlined at the beginning of the year. 
Let the committee ask for the necessary funds for 
the purchase of literature and supplies to carry 
out their plans. If money cannot thus be fur- 
nished, possibly the pastor, the superintendent, 
the teachers, laymen, or other friends of the mis- 
sionary cause will by gifts make it possible to 
begin the work. 

The policy may consist of any or all of the 
points which are outlined in the following para- 
graphs. If it is impossible to adopt all of the 
suggestions of this chapter, choose certain salient 
ones at the beginning and gradually add others. 
It is desirable that the first phases to be consid- 
ered should be the illustration of the regular 



16 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Bible lesson, a monthly missionary exercise, mis- 
sionary training for teachers, a missionary li- 
brary, and instruction concerning systematic giv- 
ing and prayer. 

The International Sunday School Lessons 

In addition to the regular provision for mis- 
sionary instruction, some of the best illustrations 
for Bible lessons may be drawn from the mission 
field. The American Baptist Missionary Maga- 
zine contains a series of missionary illustrations 
for the entire course of the International Sunday 
School Lessons. The Sunday School Times also 
presents several missionary illustrations for 
each lesson. Teachers should more fre- 
quently turn to the mission study text-books, to 
the missionary libraries, and to periodical and 
leaflet literature on missions for material 
which will make Bible instruction more impres- 
sive. In some schools five minutes is devoted at 
the close of the session each Sunday to illustrate 
the lesson for the day by facts or stories from 
mission fields. The International Sunday School 
Lesson Committee has arranged for two optional 
missionary lessons in the regular series. 



PROGRAMS AND EXERCISES 17 

Missionary Exercises 

A thirty minute monthly missionary" program 
has been the method of missionary instruction 
most universally used in the past, being made 
a natural part of the Sunday-school exer- 
cises without infringing upon the period of study 
assigned for the regular lesson. If the Scripture 
lessons ere not to be illustrated by five minute 
missionary talks on the remaining Sundays of the 
month, this time on such Sundays might well be 
given to themes relating to the regular course of 
the monthly missionary exercise. In some cases 
where the last Sunday of the month is observed as 
Missionary Sunday, some of the review Sundays 
are given to extended missionary programs. The 
monthly missionary exercises should not be 
set aside in case mission study is adopted, but 
should still remain a part of the whole plan. (See 
Chapter III.) 

Senior Department 

In the Sunday-schools where classes for young 
men or young women meet separately, or where 
adult classes have separate rooms and exercises 
from the rest of the school, the suggestion is 



18 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

made that the mission study courses should be 
taken up. This is now being done by a number 
of Sunday-schools, and the success that has at- 
tended the venture should invite other schools to 
make the experiment. 

Where suitable leaders can be obtained, addi- 
tional scholars may be won to the Sunday-schools 
by offering them the attractions of a mission 
study class, and inducing them to join a regular 
Bible class at the expiration of the term of mis- 
sion study. In the case of small schools, the whole 
senior department may be organized for a brief 
period into a mission study class. The mission 
study courses offered are but eight weeks in 
length, and it is easy for a regular Sunday-school 
class to organize itself into a mission study class 
for a portion of the year. (See Chapter V.) 

Intermediate Department 

During the period of adolescence children are 
most impressionable, and permanent influences 
will be the result of careful missionary instruc- 
tion. The children should have the advantage of 
the monthly missionary exercises, and the teach- 
ers should supplement this in the class, The 



WORK IN DEPARTMENTS 19 

Presbyterian Church of Canada has introduced 
into its Sunday-school publications a systematic 
series of questions on missions, and provides each 
teacher with missionary material upon which to 
instruct the class. The American Baptist Mis- 
sionary Union has published very desirable 
courses for the scholars, accompanied by a 
manual for the teacher. The suggestion is re- 
garded with favor that brief biographical mis- 
sion study classes be tried as one possible solu- 
tion of the problem of holding boys of adoles- 
cent age in the Sunday-schools. (See Chapter 
III, pp. 31-33, and Chapter V, p. 64.) 



Primary Department 

It is often customary for the primary depart- 
ment to leave its room and join the main school 
for the monthly missionary program. Generally, 
the address given is not interesting to the younger 
children, nor does it appeal to their sympathy. It 
will be found much more effective and better for 
the school if this department can plan for its own 
missionary exercises. (See Chapter IV.) 



20 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Normal Department 

In the normal department of the Sunday- 
school, where young men and young women are 
trained for teaching Sunday-school classes, there 
is an admirable opportunity to train them 
for missionary work. In addition to the regular 
mission study courses, which inform upon the 
subject of countries, peoples, native religions, 
and missionary work, instruction in missionary 
methods might profitably be included. If the 
normal class is carefully trained, within a few 
years the Sunday-school teachers will constitute 
an active missionary force. 

Home Department 

The home department is proving itself one of 
the greatest movements of the modern Sunday- 
school, reaching as it does those who do not at- 
tend the school. This department has had a 
phenomenal growth, showing in 1905 a member- 
ship of 393,845/ It is important that this large 
army of Bible students, who receive no mission- 
ary instruction direct from the Sunday-school, 

1 Report of the General Secretary, International Sun- 
day School Association, 1905. 



HOME DEPARTMENT 21 

and a large number of whom, because they are 
non-church-goers, receive no knowledge of mis- 
sions through the regular Church channels, 
should receive missionary instruction as a part of 
the home department course of study. It is 
possible to introduce missionary reading courses 
among the members of the home department, 
and thus secure their co-operation. 



Training the Forces 

While there is a growing demand for mission- 
ary instruction, the greatest barrier is to be found 
in the lack of people who are trained to teach 
missions. Many of the teachers are eager to do 
the work and would be willing to fit themselves 
for it. Systematic mission study for Sunday- 
school teachers may be promoted through a 
mission study class or the regular teachers' 
meeting. However, as only about one third of all 
the churches in the United States and Canada 
have a teachers' meeting 1 the mission study class 
appears the more feasible. (See Chapter V.) 

1 Marion Lawrance, How to Conduct a Sunday School, 
97. 



22 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Sunday School Unions and Institutes 

In many cities and larger towns are held 
weekly or monthly sessions of City Unions, Pri- 
mary Unions, and Institutes which afford op- 
portunity for the presentation of missionary ex- 
ercises. In some places this plan has already 
been adopted, and teachers testify that it is one 
of the most helpful features of the instruction 
which they receive. 

The Missionary Library and Museum 

The missionary library and museum are two 
features which will prove most attractive to the 
children, and which will be of lasting benefit to 
both the church and the school. Not only will 
they give pleasant and profitable recreation to 
those who may be able to take advantage of them 
but they will be of inestimable value to those who 
are preparing to do educational work. (See 
Chapter VI.) 

Giving 

When the policy concerning giving is under 
consideration let Scriptural habits of giving form 
the basis of the work, and a definite plan for the 



GIVING AND PRAYER 23 

systematic collection of money be arranged with 
care. Intelligent giving, combined with system- 
atic effort in collecting the money, will result in 
the largest gifts to the mission cause. (See 
Chapter IX.) 

Prayer 

The success of the work inaugurated will de- 
pend very largely upon the amount of prayer 
which the officers and teachers will give to it. 
Likewise, success upon the mission field will de- 
pend to a great extent upon the intelligent and 
definite prayers of the Christian people found in 
churches and Sunday-schools. (See Chapter X.) 

Missionary Concerts 

At intervals during the year missionary con- 
certs may be given by the children which will be 
the means of securing a large attendance of the 
church membership and congregation. Since the 
adult members of families are specially interested 
in anything which the children undertake, attract- 
ive exercises may be arranged, much more 
profitable than many cantatas and other pro- 
grams which are now given as Sunday-school 



24 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

entertainments. Instruction concerning a great 
cause as well as delightful entertainment is 
afforded through a missionary outlook in the 
program. (See Chapter III, pp. 38-41.) 

Conventions, Conferences, and Other Meetings 

The many conventions which are now being 
held in connection with Church and Sunday- 
school work are available avenues through which 
to influence Sunday-schools to do missionary 
work. The denominational missionary conven- 
tions, summer assemblies, and the various meet- 
ings of the Sunday-school Associations should be 
utilized. (See Chapter XII.) 

Practical Work 

Opportunities for practical work will be sought 
by the children as soon as they see the need of 
helping those who are unfortunate. When such 
a desire is manifest, the committee should plan to 
engage the energy of the individuals by offering 
some objective for service. (See Chapter XI, 
also Holding the Ropes, Chapter X.) 



CHAPTER III 

MISSIONARY EXERCISES, SENIOR AND IN- 
TERMEDIATE DEPARTMENTS 

Sunday-school workers in general are follow- 
ing the line of least resistance and adopting a 
series of missionary exercises for the entire school 
as the most feasible and practical plan of mis- 
sionary instruction. It has in its favor the 
recommendation of years of trial in a large num- 
ber of prominent schools and the endorsement of 
experienced workers. ) 

Through this plan every member of the Sun- 
day-school may be reached. In addition to the 
children in the Sunday-school, there are always 
adult members who are supporting the missionary 
cause and who are only receiving information 
concerning the world-wide extension of the 
Church through a sermon or two each year and 
possibly a missionary prayer meeting. 

This form of instruction is wise, because a 
regular and systematic presentation before the 
entire school will not only emphasize the impor- 
tance of a knowledge of missions but will also 
give expression to the fact that missions are a 
legitimate part of the work of the church. The 



26 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

support of the missionary cause is an obligation 
laid upon each member of the church and school, 
and should form a part of the regular Christian 
life and experience of its members. 

Such missionary teaching will instruct children 
how to collect money for missions, promote intel- 
ligent prayer for missions, and lead the school to 
an acquaintance with its denominational mission- 
aries and their fields of activity. 

The Viewpoint 

Whatever the plan for class work may be, the 
senior and intermediate departments are gener- 
ally thrown together for the opening and closing 
exercises of the school. Many church buildings 
are constructed with but one assembly room for 
the Sunday-school, the adult classes meeting for 
their lesson period in small adjoining rooms 
which may be opened into the main room. 
It should also be remembered that the average 
school must meet in a single room. Therefore, 
considering the school from this practical stand- 
point, missionary exercises should be arranged to 
interest and instruct the members of both depart- 
ments. 



THE VIEWPOINT 27 

When the senior department is conducted en- 
tirely apart from the remainder of the school, un- 
less mission study is introduced, a definite and 
comprehensive plan for missionary instruction 
should be adopted. 

The primary department should be treated as 
an independent branch of the school, and have 
provision made for a complete course of mission- 
ary training. (See Chapter X.) 

Order of the Missionary Exercises 

The plan outlined in the preceding chapter in- 
cludes a monthly missionary program, a five 
minute talk illustrating the regular Bible lesson 
or relating to the theme of the monthly mission- 
ary program for the remaining Sundays of the 
month, and also a possibility of extending the 
time of the missionary exercises which will come 
on quarterly review Sundays. On the regular 
missionary Sunday the program will be similar to 
the following: 

I. The opening exercises, including song, 
Scripture, and prayer, missionary in character, 
thus giving a missionary tone to the entire ses- 
sion. 



28 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

II. Class instruction by the teacher for ten or 
fifteen minutes. 

III. The concluding exercises, including a fif- 
teen minute missionary exercise, prayer, and 
song. 

On the other Sundays of the month the five 
minute theme and prayer will constitute the en- 
tire work. This suggestion has been followed 
with great success in the Central Presbyterian 
Church, Orange, New Jersey. Recently a vote 
was taken when it was decided by a majority of 
both scholars and teachers to continue this plan. 

Weekly prayer for missions should be offered 
by the school and each member led to feel the re- 
sponsibility of uttering similar petitions daily. 
The prayer theme may be given and a prayer 
offered every Sunday in connection with these 
exercises. (See Chapter X.) 

The committee should arrange all exercises so 
that there will be a correlation of instruction from 
the superintendent's desk to that given by the 
teacher and to whatever is taken home by the 
scholars. 



CONDUCTING THE EXERCISES 29 

Who Shall Conduct the Exercises 

1. The teacher and older members of the 
school may give brief talks. 

2. An excellent plan in some Sunday-schools 
provides that the classes, especially in the inter- 
mediate department, rotate in presenting the 
monthly missionary program. To assist schools 
in carrying out this suggestion a series of six pro- 
grams have been prepared by the Young People's 
Missionary Movement. (See Appendix C.) 

3. In some schools the teachers and scholars 
alternate in providing the missionary exercises. 

4. In many churches there are now persons 
who have done some systematic mission study in 
the Young People's or Woman's Missionary so- 
cieties who may conduct some of the exercises. 

5. On a quarterly Sunday a mission study class 
may give a review of the work in their course. 

6. On another quarterly Sunday the younger 
people, including the primary department, may 
give a spectacular exercise of some sort. 

7. Often it is possible to secure a missionary or 
some specialist in missionary work to make an 
address. 



30 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

An Ideal Plan in Practical Operation 

Mrs. John R. Mott describes the following plan 
for interesting the Sunday-school in missions, 
which has been used for the last five years in the 
First Methodist Episcopal Church, Montclair, 
New Jersey. "From May to October a five min- 
ute talk is given before the whole school every 
Sabbath on the subject for which the collection 
is taken. For this six months all special sub- 
jects but one are for local work. From Novem- 
ber to April ten minutes is given each Sabbath 
for the presentation of a contribution to foreign 
missions. The best available speakers are se- 
cured, whether they be found in the Sunday- 
school, the church, the town, or outside. The 
committee in very many cases not only tells where 
the material for the topic is to be found but fur- 
nishes the book and suggestions as to how the 
subject should be treated. They do not read mis- 
sionary letters or allow speakers to read from 
manuscript, believing that a crude talk is bet- 
ter than a more finished production which has to 
be read. For supplementary work they use the 
blackboard, curios, maps, charts, and pictures. 
They devote a number of months to separate 



PLAN AND SUBJECT MATTER 31 

countries, having given twenty-two Sundays to 
Africa, and as many to Japan and India." 1 



The Subject Matter 

Biography, travel, adventure, and descriptions 
of missionary work are among the most popular 
themes. There are many other topics relating to 
countries, peoples, economic, social, and 
religious conditions which will add variety 
and prove of extreme interest. Larger intelli- 
gence and deeper interest can doubtless be 
gained by pursuing the study of one country and 
its people for a consecutive number of months. 
A vast amount of material upon these subjects 
will be found in the missionary books recom- 
mended for the Sunday-school library. (See 
Appendix B.) 

Missionary biography is recommended as one 
of the best means of influencing people to be- 
come missionaries. It is often true that the 
things which are most interesting to boys and 
girls is the account of the lives of people who 
have succeeded in life or who have accomplished 

1 Leaflet, "The Missionary Cause in the Sunday 
School." Presbvterian Board. 



32 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

wonderful deeds. It should be remembered that 
a young mind is able to draw correct inferences 
from facts, though the power to form inference 
into proposition may be altogether lacking. Thus 
the moral and religious lessons related in Bible 
stories and biographies are felt as a power in life 
long before an analysis of the causes are possible 
to the child. 1 

It may not always be possible to find the right 
kind of material concerning the lives of great 
missionaries. As a substitute, and in many cases 
of equal value, the lives of native Christians may 
be used. The trials and triumphs of the native 
Christians in mission lands cannot fail to ennoble 
and enrich the lives of those who learn of them. 

The range of ideas that may be utilized in mak- 
ing the programs interesting is large, and may 
include many accessories, such as maps, charts, 
chalk talks, pictures, curios, and the like. (See 
Chapters VII and VIII.) 

The products of constructive work by children 
will be extremely interesting and fascinating for 
presentation to the school. Of course, it is un- 
derstood that such work must be done outside of 
the regular Sunday-school session, and it is sug- 

1 C. W. RishelL The Child as God's Child, 62, 63. 



STORY TELLING 33 

gested that some of the Sunday-school classes or 
the Junior societies among the children prepare 
the material. (See pp. 92-95, for suggested 
forms of Constructive Work.) 

Story Telling 

Story telling is one of the most valuable and at- 
tractive methods of missionary instruction, main- 
taining interest and holding attention, as it does, 
and at the same time putting into concrete and 
comprehensive form the facts and truths to be 
taught. It has become a strong feature in some 
grades of the public schools, and is continually 
gaining favor in Biblical and other forms of re- 
ligious instruction. Jesus Christ employed this 
method continually in his ministry and teaching. 

In story telling it is necessary to keep in mind 
a double viewpoint, since the boys and girls ap- 
parently take different views of life, and are im- 
pelled to action and decision by different motives. 
While boys seek masculinity, as shown in adven- 
ture, heroic deeds, and those features which 
picture life in action, girls are attracted and 
influenced by a presentation of the needs of the 
field, especially the conditions existing among 



34 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

women and children, touching experiences of 
native Christians, and in fact any of those things 
which contain sentiment and tend to arouse sym- 
pathy. In either case we should strive to picture 
examples of the power of Christianity in the lives 
of people, especially children and young people. 

If a story pure and simple is to be rendered, let 
it be done with the natural and unconstrained 
speech of every-day life. Often the application 
of a story or lesson may be made more personal 
and impressive by a question than by a direct 
statement. In like manner facts may be made 
clearer and truths magnified by the law of con- 
trast. For example, a description of the re- 
ligious practices and customs in some heathen 
lands cannot fail to enhance the appreciation of 
the need of the Gospel to save. 

Choose bright, pointed, and instructive stories, 
marked at times with wit, humor, or pathos. Let 
the speaker show enthusiasm, conviction of pur- 
pose, and consecration to the cause. Stories of 
some length are received with the greater appre- 
ciation, and, in case these cannot be obtained, a 
number of short stories or brief incidents should 
be used connectedly for illustration. Along 



USE OF SCRIPTURE 35 

with story telling, maps, charts, pictures, and ob- 
jects may be used to good advantage. 

Scripture 

With the regular instruction about missionary 
work the children should be informed as to what 
the Bible teaches concerning missions. Every 
program should include some command, promise, 
or passage to suit the special case selected. It 
may be read slowly or recited ; it may be used at 
the beginning or at the close of the hour, as 
seems best; but in every case its significance 
should be made plain. Very often an appropriate 
golden text may be given orally or used as a 
motto for the wall. Some passages that have been 
used with good effect are here given to show the 
attractiveness with which Scripture lessons may 
be presented: 

1. When the school is beginning the study of 
a country, special passages may often be used, 
such as, for example, for China, Isaiah xlix. 8-12, 
in which Sinim may refer to China, using the 
twelfth verse for the golden text. When Africa 
is the subject, give the story of Philip and the 
Ethiopian, Acts viii. 26-39, with Psalm lxviii. 31 



36 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

as the golden text. In the case of Japan or other 
islands, Psalm xcvii. 1 and Isaiah xli. 1-5 may be 
used ; for a home mission program Acts xvii. 22- 
28 will be appropriate. 

2. When presenting the lives of children in 
foreign lands, use some of Christ's words con- 
cerning little children, such as Mark x. 13-16; 
for a lesson concerning the martyrdom of na- 
tive Christians, use Hebrews xi. 35-38, and for 
their coronation. Revelation vii. 13-17. 

3. Passages of Scripture which have become 
famous in connection with the lives of great mis- 
sionaries are also helpful. In connection with 
Livingstone's life give Psalm cxxxv and Psalm 
cxxi (the Traveler's Psalm), both of which se- 
lections were read on the morning he left his 
home at Blantyre, Scotland, to go to Africa. 
When Captain Allen F. Gardiner and his six com- 
panions starved to death in their attempt to 
reach the heathen at Tierra del Fuego, on the 
rock above their lifeless bodies was discovered a 
hand painted on the rock pointing to the words, 
"Psalm lxii. 5-8." Joseph Hardy Neesima was 
won to the Christian faith by Genesis i. 1, which 
he found in a Chinese Bible in the library of a 



CHOICE OF MUSIC 37 

friend in Japan, and John iii. 16, which he slowly 
spelled out in an English Testament while work- 
ing his way to America on a steamer. 

4. Many suggestive readings for the use of 
the Bible in missionary programs will be found in 
Holding the Ropes, by Miss Brain. The follow- 
ing has been selected as a very effective lesson, 
contrasting the idols of the heathen with the Je- 
hovah God of the Christians : Read Isaiah xl. 9- 
13, describing the majesty and power of God, and 
give special emphasis to the words, "Behold, your 
God!" (vs. 9) ; then holding up an idol say, "Be- 
hold the heathen's God," and read Psalm cxv. 
4-8. "The Bible and Foreign Missions," by Rob- 
ert P. Wilder, should be accessible to every com- 
mittee. 

Music 

The songs or hymns chosen for missionary 
Sunday should be appropriate and presented in 
such a way that their significance will be appre- 
ciated. Often this may be done by calling atten- 
tion to the passage of Scripture which led to their 
composition, c The stories of the writing of mis- 
sionary hymns are often interesting and can be 



38 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

found by referring to good works on hymnology. 
National songs, lullabies, and special songs hav- 
ing for their theme mission countries are always 
fitting, and they may be sung by natives or by 
people in native costumes. Sometimes after the 
national song of a strange country has been ren- 
dered, the Sunday-school may respond with 
"America" or some other selection. Words in 
well-known hymns may often be changed to 
adapt them to some special country. A mission- 
ary hymn may be chosen for the school and sung 
many times during the year. In cases where it 
is not possible to secure books containing music 
which it is desirable for the school to learn, the 
words and even the music may be stenciled on 
large sheets of paper or muslin and hung before 
the school. (See Holding the Ropes, Chapter 
III.) Missionary concerts are popular. One of 
the best cantatas to be rendered by small children 
is "Cradle Songs of Many Nations," which is 
suitable for an evening church or Sunday-school 



1 Publisher, Clayton F. Summy, 220 Wabash Avenue, 
Chicago. Price per copy, $1.00. Melodies and words 
only, $6.50 per hundred. 



BOOKS FOR PROGRAMS 39 

Suggestive Programs 

It is often desirable to have a special program 
prepared for an extra occasion or to meet some 
special need. A few suggestions are given 
showing how the missionary library may be used 
at such times. 

1. A good home mission program may be 
called "God's Grace in Queer Characters," which 
may consist of sketches of "Old Uncle Rube," 
"Pop Lloyd," "Bowery Ike," and "Billy Kelly," 
taken from Down in Water Street, by the late S. 
H. Hadley, who was so well known in connection 
with the Old Jerry McAuley Mission, in New 
York City. 

2. For a lesson on medical missions one of the 
most interesting means of treatment will be to 
contrast heathen customs and scientific skill, 
which may be done by using Opportunities in the 
Path of the Great Physician, by Valeria F. Pen- 
rose, and pictures and articles found in mission- 
ary magazines. The chapter on Social Evils in 
the Non-Christian World in volume one of 
Christian Missions and Social Progress, by Dr. 
James S. Dennis, will also be found helpful. 



40 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

3. A survey of the children of foreign lands 
could be given as "Six Little People and What 
They Did," the theme covered by Child Life in 
Mission Lands, by R. E. Diffendorfer. These 
stories should be told, not read, by persons able 
to interest children. It would add much to the 
effect to have the children dress in the costumes 
of the nations represented. 

Ah-San, a Chinese boy. 

Paz, a Mexican Drunkard's Daughter. 

Pabanyana and the Great Great. (A story 
from Africa.) 

A Fragment of Life and Death. (A story 
from India.) 

Pai Chai Hakdang. (A story from Korea.) 

Yo Hachi. (A story from Japan.) 

4. No life is more fascinating both to older 
people and to children than The Story of John G. 
Paton, the veteran missionary to the New Hebri- 
des Islands, and no missionary biography includes 
so many thrilling stories as his. Many other in- 
stances which are as good as those indicated may 
be chosen. 

"Leaving the Old Home," Chapter 5. 
"To the New Hebrides," Chapter 10. 



OTHER SPECIAL METHODS 41 

"The Visit of H.M.S. 'Cordelia'," Chapter 18. 

"A Perilous Pilgrimage," Chapter 27. 

"The Sinking of the Well," Chapter 66. 

"The First Book and the New Eyes," Chapter 
69. 

"The Orphans and Their Biscuits," Chapter 
75. 

5. Indian stories are alway interesting, and the 
following stories from Egerton R. Young's By 
Canoe and Dog Train, will make a good pro- 
gram: 

"Indian Etiquette," pp. 58, 59. 

"An Indian Church Service," pp. 60-62. 

"Too Cold to Wash," p. 104. 

"Our Father," pp. 120, 121. 

"An Honest Indian," pp. 169-171. 

General Suggestions 

1. The subject of questions should receive 
careful attention from a pedagogical standpoint. 
At the beginning of a new program ask the 
members of the school questions as a means of re- 
viewing the previous program, and to serve as a 
point of contact with the current lesson, 



42 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

2. There may be distributed among the teach- 
ers on the Sunday previous to the one selected as 
missionary Sunday, a leaflet or typewritten lesson 
with a list of questions based on the subject 
matter given out, and the names of the books to 
be found in the library on the theme. On 
missionary Sunday the teachers can then take up 
the subject for a few minutes with their classes 
before the missionary talk is given. 

3. Letters from missionaries or from the field 
bear a vital relationship to the work, but these 
should be told and seldom read. 

4. The dedication of a missionary library, or a 
program made entirely of book reviews will be 
a success and serve the purpose of advertising the 
missionary books which the school owns. (See 
pp. 71-77.) 

5. Recitations, dialogues, and songs by the 
younger children are always popular. 

6. Topics of current happenings in mission 
lands will be a means of interesting the older 
boys and young men. 

7. Attractive home-made missionary souvenirs 
are given to each scholar with every monthly 



HOME-MADE SOUVENIRS 43 

missionary exercise in some schools. Let the 
committees prepare the design and have the 
classes meet to make them. 

8. In some schools prizes are given for the 
best papers prepared or the best orations deliv- 
ered on a given missionary topic. 

9. The stereopticon may sometimes be used at 
a quarterly meeting, when more time can be 
given for an afternoon or evening lecture. (See 
pp. 117, 118.) 

10. For other suggestions see The Missionary 
Manual, Wells, pp. 14-40; Holding the Ropes, 
pp. 128-134; and Fifty Missionary Programs, 
Brain. 



CHAPTER IV 

PRIMARY DEPARTMENT 

It is often customary for the primary depart- 
ment of the Sunday-school to join with the main 
school on missionary Sunday, but this is contrary 
to the regular plan of Sunday-school organiza- 
tion. Usually the address given on missionary 
Sunday is not interesting to the youngest chil- 
dren nor does it appeal to their sympathy. As 
previously stated, it will be found much more 
effective and better for the conduct of the school, 
if this department plan separately for its own 
regular missionary exercises. Methods of pre- 
senting missionary instruction to children from 
six to ten years of age must necessarily differ 
from those given to the older grades, as do the 
methods in Bible instruction. To this work 
the best kindergarten and primary methods 
should be applied. A definite plan for mission- 
ary instruction should be outlined in advance, and 
an adequate budget provided to meet the ex- 
penses. 

The exercises should be arranged for at least 
one Sunday in each month. It is for those in 
charge to decide whether these exercises shall 



PRIMARY DEPARTMENT 45 

continue for fifteen minutes, half an hour, or dur- 
ing the entire session of the school. It is cus- 
tomary for the superintendent of the primary de- 
partment, or some person appointed by her, to 
conduct these exercises, but when the primary 
department is exceptionally large, it will per- 
haps be better to have the main part ol the mis- 
sionary lesson taught by the teachers and then 
a summary,' with objects, pictures, or other de- 
vices, given by the superintendent. Sometimes it 
is possible for a Sunday-school to secure for spe- 
cial occasions an interesting speaker representing 
some homef or foreign missionary work. At such 
times it may be well to invite these persons to ad- 
dress the primary department. 

Where a Sunday-school has kindergarten work 
distinct from the other departments of the school 
these methods may be used in adapting material 
to the primary department. In some cases the 
most intense interest in missions has been created 
among these very young children. 

Monthly Program 

The plan for the primary department pro- 
grams should be outlined early in the year and a 



46 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

definite aim selected for each lesson. Before an 
exercise is given, the program for that Sunday 
should be outlined with care, that all the time 
may be provided for and the interest sustained 
from the beginning to the close. The lessons 
must be made up largely of concrete facts. It 
should be remembered that the chief aim in teach- 
ing the children Christian missions is to create in 
their minds an interest about missionary work so 
that they will pray and give their money to the 
extension of the kingdom. 

Prior to the seventh year children know but 
little of geography, and therefore will not be so 
much interested in a country as in the people who 
live there. In planning the programs keep this 
in mind, and endeavor especially to arouse a keen 
interest in the boys and girls who are living under 
less favorable conditions than govern our lives. 

A Course on Japan 

In a series of lessons on Japan recently issued 
there is a box of curios illustrating the customs 
of the people. In order that there may be a 
strong missionary message in connection with 
this material a manual of suggestions for the 



COURSE ON JAPAN 47 

teacher of the primary department is furnished 
with each box. This manual outlines a series of 
three general themes ; the first on the Home Life, 
the second on the Worship, and the third on the 
Missionary Work in Japan. Each of these les- 
sons is divided into two sections, so the plan is 
flexible, and, if it is desired, the lessons may be 
used for six consecutive Sundays or for six 
monthly missionary exercises. The curios are 
used to illustrate the points brought out in the 
lessons. In addition to the curios and the man- 
ual of suggestions there are twelve picture cards 
sold for fifteen cents, which may be given to the 
children after each lesson. These cards have on 
one side a picture illustrating some phase of child 
life in Japan, and on the reverse side there is a 
brief description or a missionary story. One of 
the most attractive parts of the material is the 
model house and garden with a full explanation 
of their many interesting features. (See Appen- 
dix C.) 

Stories 

Small children especially are fascinated by 
stories, and the teacher may well take advantage 
of this, for there is an ample supply of interesting 



48 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

material for such story telling. Stories of chil- 
dren in foreign lands, of kindergarten and other 
mission schools, and of missionaries will be at- 
tractive to the children. The story of Neesima, 
especially his early life, the story of Pandita 
Ramabai and the child widows, may be told in a 
simple manner that will appeal to the children 
and win their sympathy. Stories of little girls 
in India as told by Mrs. Denning in Mosaics 
front India, a description of the binding of girls' 
feet in China and of the black children who are 
entering the missions in Africa, will also be at- 
tractive to children. 



Other Suggestions for Programs 

Those who are familiar with primary and kin- 
dergarten methods will not have much difficulty 
in adapting other material found in this manual 
to their departments. The following suggestions 
may perhaps be helpful to those who are plan- 
ning for missionary exercises for the little ones: 

1. Bible instruction concerning missions may 
be given by presenting a verse of Scripture, as 
John iii. 16, or the last command of the Saviour, 



PROGRAM SUGGESTIONS 49 

or by telling one of the simple missionary stories 
of the New Testament. 

2. Missionary songs, songs of foreign lands, 
and the lullabies of other nations may be used to 
good advantage. Some things suitable for such 
exercises will be found in the song books used in 
the Sunday-school, in books of song prepared for 
children, and in the literature provided by the 
various missionary societies. 

3. Recitations by the children or by children 
who are asked to visit the primary department 
from the other departments of the school will be 
a delight to the children. 

4. Object lessons may sometimes be arranged ; 
for example, placing a candle upon a Bible, a 
globe being so fixed that the rays of light illumi- 
nate America, while the great heathen nations on 
the other side of the globe are still in darkness. 
An appropriate story may be related to accom- 
pany this illustrative exercise. 

*~ 5. Mrs. F. G. Cressy, in describing the kinder- 
garten of the Hyde Park Baptist Church, Chi- 
cago, Illinois, tells how action is employed in 
connection with story telling. "One day it is a 
mission lesson and they play that they are mis- 



50 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

sionaries, and some go to Africa and some to 
Japan to tell the story. Another time they are a 
long train of cars, or again horses and wagons 
carrying imaginary bundles of clothing and food 
to the less fortunate children at the University 
Settlement. Returning to the tables the same 
idea is followed with the use of blocks, sand, clay, 
and other material. Railroad trains of different 
colored beads strung on a shoestring take some 
one across the country to tell the story of Jesus to 
the Indians." 1 

6. Children are usually delighted to have per- 
sons give songs or recitations in costume. Often 
their parents may be persuaded to furnish the 
garments for their own children when some mis- 
sionary program is to be rendered. 

7. When objects or curios are used it is well, 
as a rule, to allow the children to touch and han- 
dle them, as this helps to create a personal inter- 
est. 

8. Suggest to the children things which they 
may do; for example, ask them to find appro- 
priate pictures at home and color or cut them 

1 G. W. Mead, Modem Methods in Sunday School 
Work, 53. 



CHALK WORK AND SAND TRAY 51 

into puzzles, or better perhaps, make scrap-books. 
Often the parents will aid the children and thus 
gain knowledge and inspiration. 

9. Children are always interested in chalk 
work, and the teacher who is able to use chalk 
while she talks will find this one of the best 
methods to employ. 

10. The sand tray may be utilized to good ad- 
vantage with small children. If the sand tray is 
to be used as an educational feature, a proper 
equipment may be secured at small cost. (See 
Chapter VII.) 

11. The chapters on "Map and Chart 
Work," and "Pictures, Objects, and Other Ma- 
terial," should be read with care, as there are 
many ideas to be found in them which can be 
used to advantage in working out a scheme for 
the primary department. 

Books 

There are some missionary books which will be 
appreciated by the younger children. But few of 
them are simple enough to be read by children so 
young as those of the primary department, but 



52 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

many of them are interesting when read by their 
parents or older brothers and sisters. "Chinese 
Mother Goose," "The Chinese Boy and Girl," 
"Twelve Little Pilgrims Who Stayed at Home," 
and "Seven Little Sisters," have been tested suffi- 
ciently to recommend them with- certainty. 
Stories for children of this age may also be found 
in missionary magazines and leaflets for children 
which are published by many missionary societies. 
(See Appendix B.) 

Prayer 

In the primary department the missionary 
prayer should be simple, but vital, and follow di- 
rectly the theme of the lesson so that the children 
may see the relation which they themselves bear 
to the great missionary work. For example, at 
the beginning of the lesson let the superintendent, 
after perfect quiet, say, "Lord Jesus, help us to 
understand what we hear about Japan to-day"; 
at the close, "Heavenly Father, teach us to love 
these Japanese children and help us to earn 
money to send them a missionary that they may 
learn about Jesus," after which remain silent a 
moment before saying "Amen." The children 



METHOD IN PRAYER 53 

should understand the prayer and feel that it is 
their prayer. Explain to them why we pray thus 
and there will be developed a reverence for and 
a belief in prayer. Young children are suscepti- 
ble to such influences and will often give them- 
selves to the purest and most intense interces- 
sion. Many of them will remember to pray in 
their daily prayers for the things which have 
appealed to their sympathy; the effect of which 
may be very great upon the parent, and at the 
same time the influence upon the child's life may 
be untold. 

The Offering 

A part of the time devoted to the missionary 
exercises should be given to an explanation con- 
cerning the use of missionary money. Children 
are eager to give their money to worthy causes 
when they have some definite knowledge as to 
how the money will be used. It will be well for 
the children to make regular subscriptions to mis- 
sions with the advice of their parents or teachers. 
In the primary department, as well as in the 
other departments of the school, the envelope sys- 
tem is gaining favor. " (See Chapter IX.) Mite- 



54 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

boxes are popular for litt .e children and they will 
be delighted and feel an added responsibility in 
the mission cause if they are allowed to take one 
of these home at the beginning of a special course 
of study. The best kindergartners advise that 
the boxes should not be kept by the children more 
than a month, which is a long time to them. An 
interesting program may be given when the mite- 
boxes are collected. The method of collecting 
money in the primary department and the kin- 
dergarten will necessarily differ in many re- 
spects. Again we quote from Mrs. Cressy an 
interesting plan of taking collections, one of 
which is for missions. "For the offering some 
one is asked to bring three boxes from a near-by 
table and place them on the floor in the middle of 
the circle. These are ordinary pasteboard boxes 
with slits in the covers. One has the picture of a 
church on it, and the pennies that go in there are 
for the support of our church and Sunday- 
school; another has the picture of an aged man 
and wife, and the pennies it gets will help to pay 
the rent of a needy couple living in the stock 
yards district, who have been adopted by the 
primary department as 'Grandpa' and 'Grand- 
ma'; while the third shows a group of children 



TAKING THE OFFERING 55 

from lands across the sea, and this money car- 
ries the story of Jesus to these far-away little 
brothers and sisters. Before the pennies are taken 
these little things are talked over Sunday after 
Sunday, so that, as they go, sometimes in pairs, 
sometimes singly, to deposit their gifts — and we 
notice that it is nearly always more than one 
penny — they do so in an intelligent manner, 
which must count for much in later years of 
giving." 



CHAPTER V 

MISSION STUDY 

While the monthly missionary meeting affords 
a means of presenting the subject of missions to 
the entire school, yet it will not result in the 
largest interest or the most substantial gifts 
either in life or money. Sustained effort can only 
be obtained by a thorough, systematic study of 
the subject. 

Mission study has had a phenomenal growth 
since it was inaugurated. The first organized 
work was done by the Student Volunteer Move- 
ment in 1894, when it first published a series of 
foreign mission studies. The Movement has 
since brought out twenty-nine mission study 
courses. The rapid growth of mission study 
among college men and women is shown by the 
following figures: 



\ 



While new missionaries will be recruited very 
largely from the colleges, these will first have 



Year 


Enrolment 


1902—3 


6,774 


1903—4 


9,027 


1904—5 


12,629 



GROWTH OF MISSION STUDY 57 

come from the young people's societies and Sun- 
day-schools, and their support must come from 
the Churches. The young people in the Churches 
have as definite an obligation to the missionary 
enterprise as those of the colleges, and it is es- 
pecially important that they should realize this. 
The educational movement among young people 
is the natural agency to enlist their co-operation. 
A few mission study classes were organized in 
young people's societies prior to 1900. In 1902 
the first of the Forward Mission Study text- 
books was offered. 

The progress of mission study among the 
young people of North America has been sur- 
prising, as the following figures show : 



Year 


Enrolment 


1901—2 


10,000 


1902—3 


17,000 


1903—4 


22,000 


1904—5 


60,000 



In addition to this remarkable record, there is 
evidence that many young people have been 
studying in classes which have not been reported 
to the secretaries, and therefore are not included 
in the above figures. 



58 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 
Testimonies of Value 

Through personal interviews, correspondence, 
and reports obtained from the leaders of mission 
study classes it is believed that the value of mis- 
sion study in the lives of young people has been 
fairly estimated in the following testimonies : 

"Mission study has caused me to be a better 
Bible student." "It has led me to a realization 
of the value of a human soul." "It cultivates a 
hunger for the whole truth of human life in the 
world." "The more we study missions and be- 
come enlightened on the subject, the more inter- 
ested we are in the work." "It sets young peo- 
ple to thinking with regard to the problems and 
possibilities of the work." One student says: 
"The success of the work in foreign lands and 
the beautiful Christian lives produced have all 
been to us a strong present-day proof of the liv- 
ing power of the Gospel." Another says: "By 
contrast with heathen religions the blessings of 
the Gospel are made clearer, gratitude engen- 
dered, and a deeper interest in lost souls awak- 
ened." 

In some instances conversions have resulted 
from mission study. "One young lady was con- 



TESTIMONIES OF VALUE 59 

verted in the mission study class." "One member 
was won to Christ." "There were two conver- 
sions in one class due to the opening of the mind 
to the possibilities of God." 

As a result of mission study young men 
and women have already sailed for the field, 
while others are preparing for service at 
home and abroad. "One of our members has left 
us to begin work as a missionary at Singapore." 
"Two of the members are planning to work in 
foreign fields." "One young man was led to en- 
ter the ministry." "Several young people have 
made the decision to go into regular Church 
work." "A young man and his wife gave them- 
selves to mission work." 

From direct knowledge it is known that mis- 
sionary gifts are increased through missionary 
education. As a result of intelligent training the 
young men and women in the colleges of North 
America gave in a single year more than $82,000 
to missions. 1 One pastor says: "The infor- 
mation which the members have received made it 
far easier to raise our apportionment in full. In 
the hardest financial year in twenty, when I ex- 

1 Statement from the Student Volunteer Movement, 
1905. 



60 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

pected a shrinkage in benevolences, we have 
reached the high-water mark, $300, an increase 
of $75 over last year, the average being over $2 
per member. The benevolences were all raised 
two months before the end of the year. It was 
the hardest year I ever saw. I credit it to the 
mission study class." Another pastor says, "Be- 
fore the mission study class was started last year 
our church only gave $60 for missions, and there 
was opposition. Last year they gave $120. This 
year they will reach $1 per member." "Several 
in the class have increased their gifts, some 100 
per cent." "Our Sunday-school offering for mis- 
sions this year shows an advance of more than 20 
per cent." A young man in one of the leading 
Methodist churches of Boston organized a mis- 
sion study class in the Sunday-school which, dur- 
ing the first six months of its existence, raised 
$40 for the support of a native preacher in Japan. 

\A Broad Vision 

We again quote from President Goucher some 
paragraphs relating to the proper relation of mis- 
sion study to the regular Sunday-school curricu- 
lum. 



A BROAD VISION 61 

"The function of the Sunday-school is to grow 
souls possessed by Christ's passion to win souls. 
It should be keyed to the purpose of giving the 
Gospel to every creature. If it should provide for 
its scholars such instruction, that, as Church 
members, they will possess a knowledge of the 
world's need, and have a deep conviction of their 
obligation, and be truly spiritual and thoroughly 
consecrated in person and possessions, what a 
mighty impulse would come to the kingdom. 

"To aid this, the curriculum of our Sunday- 
schools should add to the study of the Bible more 
definite study of the world's need and personal 
obligation. It would be well to have mission 
study in the Sunday-school for a full session once 
a quarter. It would be better if a full session 
once a month could be set apart for this distinc- 
tive work, but the best method would be to study 
definitely and systematically the revelation of the 
divine purpose and human privilege in God's 
Word, for nine months, or three quarters of the 
year, and set apart one quarter for the study of 
Christian Missions — the revelation of human 
need and divine helpfulness in God's World." 



62 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 
Organization of Classes 

One of the suggestions is to organize mission 
study classes in the Sunday-school. They may 
consist of the adult classes for young men and 
young women, the whole senior department in 
small schools ; or special classes for teachers. The 
regular work time will vary, of course, according 
to whether the regular session of the Sunday- 
school is an hour or an hour and a half in length. 
The classes may meet for a half hour or an hour 
monthly or weekly during the regular session. In 
case the classes are held independently of the 
Sunday-school session, they should be at least 
an hour in length. 

The Teacher or Leader 

Where mission study is taken up by a Sunday- 
school class the teacher of the class will gener- 
ally be the leader of the course. - Sometimes 
specialists can be found who will teach the mis- 
sion study class without cost or for a small fee. 
While it is undoubtedly best for the class to be 
taught, the members aiding in carrying out the 
program, yet if the membership cannot be de- 



&j 


£ 


I * 


«M«. 


I 


r"4 % 


- ^ 


©^iv 


^j^^«4m 






i 


^^^v ^y^tr 










' V* «• * 




^ 


__-_— 





COURSES OF STUDY 63 

pended upon for study and work, the lecture 
method may be used. Whenever it is possible, re- 
turned missionaries, people who are specialists in 
various forms of Christian and mission work, 
leaders of missionary movements, and student 
volunteers should be invited to address the class. 
Always permit the members of the class to ask 
questions of the speaker. 

Courses of Study 

A course of study for the year should be se- 
lected early, in order that the books may be or- 
dered and the leader allowed time for thorough 
preparation. The courses which are available are 
the Forward Mission Study Courses published 
by the various denominational missionary So- 
cieties or Boards. Text-books on Africa, China, 
Japan, and Home Missions have already been 
prepared, and for use in connection with each of 
these courses are special helps for each lesson 
with suggestions and accessory material, which 
will help to enliven the class and stimulate inter- 
est. Each succeeding year additional courses and 
special helps will be prepared. (See Appendix 
B.) 



64 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 
Intermediate Classes 

The same method used for adult classes may be 
utilized with modification in conducting mission 
bands among boys and girls. Often they are 
more eager and more keenly interested in mis- 
sionary work than older people, and with their 
enthusiasm raise substantial gifts for missionary 
purposes. 

For the older grades the Forward Mission 
Study Courses are not too advanced, especially 
when the classes are composed of boys and girls 
who are in the advanced grades of the public 
schools or the lower grades of the high school. 
These books are no more difficult than the text- 
books which they are required to use in school, 
and in fact, unless the course is going to afford 
an opportunity for acquiring knowledge equiva- 
lent to that afforded by the secular schools, they 
cannot be expected to have deep respect for it. 
If boys are to be kept in the Sunday-school some 
of these fundamental principles must be recog- 
nized and the teachers give such a presentation 
as will appeal to them. 

For the younger grades other courses of study 
must be provided which will meet the special 



INTERMEDIATE CLASS COURSES 65 

need of those not so advanced. Child Life in 
Mission Lands, the first book of the Forward 
Mission Study Courses for children, is now avail- 
able, and other courses especially adapted will 
be prepared later. 

For full information regarding the organiza- 
tion and conduct of a mission study class, ad- 
dress the Secretary of your denominational Mis- 
sionary Society or Board. 



CHAPTER VI 

THE MISSIONARY LIBRARY 

Since the Sunday-school library furnishes one 
of the most popular features of the school, it 
offers one of the best and r ;ost direct avenues 
through which the children may be interested in 
missions. The reading of missionary books of 
the right kind is one of the best means, of giving 
strength to Christian character. A study of the 
work of missionaries, showing as it does the 
heroic acts and noble lives of these new "Apos- 
tles/' cannot but emphasize and make real by 
its present-day examples the teachings of the 
Bible. Since the very home life of our youth is 
being saturated with knowledge of great com- 
mercial enterprises and world-wide achievements, 
it is vital that a correct view of Christian mis- 
sions be given at the same time. 

While missionary programs and addresses will 
kindle a momentary interest, missionary reading 
intensifies interest and creates permanent zeal for 
the work. It is undoubtedly true that people do a 
vast amount of the reading of a lifetime between 
the ages of ten and twenty; but few will ever 
become readers of missionary literature if they 

66 



WORTH OF THE LIBRARY 67 

do not begin within this age limit. It is therefore 
important that the library should furnish its read- 
ers a liberal education concerning countries, 
peoples, and the progress of Christianity. Car- 
lyle says, "The true university of these days is a 
collection of books." 

Never has there been so much good, attractive 
missionary literature as now, and never a greater 
opportunity of interesting children in the work 
of missions. The shelves of publishers contain 
scores of books on missionary biography, foreign 
travel and adventure, and missionary work. Lit- 
erature of this character is sure to be popular 
with children when it is presented in the right 
way. Interesting biography replete with travel 
and heroic experiences will usually attract boys. 
A list of the best missionary books published for 
children and young people, classified by coun- 
tries, is printed in Appendix B. 

How to Secure the Library 

At the beginning of the year the missionary 
board or missionary committee of the Sunday- 
school should make a careful plan for securing 
and circulating missionary books and other mis- 



68 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

sionary literature. Whether the means of secur- 
ing new books is through a special fund provided 
by the Sunday-school or church, or by assess- 
ment, or endowment, the missionary section 
should not be neglected, because here often are 
to be found the most interesting and the most 
substantial books for the building and develop- 
ment of Christian character, for which the Sun- 
day-school library primarily stands. If it is im- 
possible to put a large amount of money in 
the library at one time, a few books may be se- 
cured at different periods during the year. In- 
deed, it is sometimes much better to withhold 
books for a time, in order that there may be con- 
tinually some new ones for the children. The 
following means have been used successfully in 
founding or enlarging such libraries: 

1. Money may be appropriated from the Sun- 
day-school treasury. 

2. Individuals or classes may buy the books, 
donating them to the school after reading. 

3. A subscription paper may be passed among 
the teachers or other interested people for con- 
tributions of small sums of money. 



SECURING THE LIBRARY 69 

4. Make a list of desirable books, including 
the price of each, and pass it among the mem- 
bers of the congregation, asking persons to buy 
one or more of the books and having read a book 
to present it to the Sunday-school. 

5. In smaller places it is often wise for the 
Sunday-school, the senior and junior young peo- 
ple's societies, and the other missionary societies 
in the church to co-operate in purchasing the 
books. 

6. In some towns and villages there are no 
libraries, and often the general public is willing 
to aid in the work, in order that their children 
may have the benefit derived from good books. 
A subscription list may be used with such people 
or the donation of a book solicited. 

7. Often the pastor or friends of the church 
will be glad to loan books which they may have 
in their private libraries. 

8. A missionary entertainment, concert, or so- 
cial may afford the means of raising the money. 

9. Sometimes a sealed box, bearing a printed 
label, "For the Missionary Library," may be 
passed to a different class each Sunday, it hav- 



70 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

ing been announced previously that the money 
collected is to be used to purchase new mission- 
ary books. 

How to Circulate the Library 

It is recommended that the missionary books 
be collected into a special section of the Sunday- 
school library, having a special librarian, who 
will devise his own plans for securing the cir- 
culation of the books. When a new book is 
added to the library it should immediately be re- 
viewed by some person who will present it to the 
school in an attractive manner. New books 
should not be covered until the attractiveness of 
the new cover has performed its mission. Better 
cover a worn, defaced volume than the one which 
will be a delight to the children. Let the library 
have a prominent place so that it may easily be 
seen. If this cannot be done, a group of the 
most attractive books may be placed upon a table 
during the Sunday-school session. 

The missionary books should be catalogued, 
the names of new books placed on the bulletin or 
announced, and a perfect system of record kept 
as to the withdrawal and return of books. It will 
be found best to require the return of books at 



CIRCULATING THE LIBRARY 71 

the end of two weeks with the privilege of re- 
newal. The personal co-operation of the teach- 
ers, who know their children and can choose the 
books which will prove the best suited and most 
fascinating to them, may be secured by a per- 
sonal word or through meeting them by special 
appointment or in some teachers' meeting. The 
following are a few methods which will lend 
variety in the presentation of the books in the 
missionary library: 

1. A library dedication with appropriate exer- 
cises just after the purchase of a number of new 
books has proved a great success. This may be 
conducted at the close of the regular session of 
the Sunday-school by a number of brief reviews 
of the books, or if the scheme for the missionary 
library is new and elaborate enough to command 
a whole session or a special meeting, the pro- 
gram may consist of hymns, prayer, Scripture, 
stories, pictures, or imaginary journeys on the 
map illustrated with incidents from the lives of 
missionaries or stories from books of travel. 

2. On Missionary Sunday special mention may 
be made by some quotations from books relating 
to the theme of the missionary program. 



72 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

3. It is often wise to keep a waiting list of 
those who wish to read popular books. 

4. Sometimes a boy or girl ma*y tell the school 
or a class what they have found most interesting 
in some book which they have read. 

5. The books in the library and the missionary 
map of the world should become very closely 
linked together, and to accomplish this, imaginary 
journeys, such as are outlined in the chapter on 
Maps and Charts, together with material gath- 
ered from the library, should be used. 

6. Since some may not read an entire book it 
will be well to keep a list of references to books 
in which interesting paragraphs have previously 
been marked. * 

7. Many missionary books have been read 
after the pastor has mentioned the book or re- 
lated an impressive story from it. 

8. An envelope may be pasted in the back o* 
the book into which may be put slips of paper 
bearing the comments of the readers. The read- 
ers may be requested to record the chapter or 
page in which may be found the most interesting 
story in the book. 



PRIZES AND READERS' NOTES 73 

9. One church offered a prize to the scholar of 
the Sunday-school who would read the largest 
number of missionary books within three months. 
The result was that a large number read many 
of the books and two or three received as a prize 
a chosen missionary book. Good books for prizes 
are: 

"Tamate, the Life Story of James Chalmers," 
"The Story of John G. Paton," 
"The Sky Pilot." 

10. Fasten a folded sheet of paper in the front 
or back of a book by means of a rubber band, 
upon which at the top should be printed, for ex- 
ample, the words, 

"My thoughts about 
'Tamate, the Life Story of 
James Chalmers' 

Please write below how you like the book and 
why. You need not sign your name." 

If preferred the name of the reader instead of 
the comment may be used. 

11. A large part of the success to be attained 
in the circulation of books among children is in 
making the library prominent and in advertising 



74 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

and keeping the books before their minds. A few 
good mottoes, such as, "Medicine for the soul," 
the inscription over the door of the library at 
Thebes, or "Wondrous indeed is the pleasure of 
a good book," by Thomas Carlyle, will be very 
appropriate for the wall or hung above the 
library. 

12. When a book is presented to the school by 
an individual the following dedication by Robert 
Southey may be given at the time of its presen- 
tation : 

"Go, little book! 

I cast thee on the waters, — go thy ways; 
And if, as I believe, thy vein be good, 

The world will find thee after many days. 
Be it with thee according to thy worth: 

Go, little book! in faith I send thee forth." 

When a book is donated by a class an appro- 
priate dedication may be written on the fly-leaf, 
which will necessitate the finding of the object 
of the book and will clarify the purpose of the 
donor. 

13. Attractive posters bearing quotations, pic- 
tures, or striking, artistic designs will be effective 
advertising agencies. For example, on a large 



EFFECTIVE ADVERTISING 7$ 

sheet of cardboard paste a colored picture of an 
Indian and at the side or under it, 

"Two Wilderness Voyagers" 

"Indians — Not Buckskinned Manikins." 

"One of the Most Absorbing Books for Many a 

Day." 

In the case of "The Man from Glengarry" use 
"As straight as a point, as sweet as a balsam, as 

sound as a white oak." 
These bright sayings can be found in newspa- 
pers, book reviews, and in the price-lists of pub- 
lishers of religious and missionary books. 

14. Another form of poster may be a broad 
placard containing the words, "Have you read 
'The Two Heroes of Cathay/ or 'The Chinese 
Quaker'?" 

15. Quotations may be used to signify the 
value of missionary literature and the reading of 
good books in general. "Remember, we know 
well only the great nations whose books we pos- 
sess; of the others we know nothing or but lit- 
tle." "Consider! except a living man, there is 
nothing more wonderful than a book, — a message 
to us from the dead, from human souls whom we 



76 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

never saw, who lived perhaps thousands of miles 
away ; and yet here in these little sheets of paper 
. . . open their hearts to us as brothers." 
— Charles Kingsley. 

16. A book review program may be prepared 
in which different participants will give one in- 
teresting story from each of several interesting 
books. Some good selections for such use are 
given : 

The Story of John G. Pat on, — 

"The Sinking of the Well," Chaps. 66, 67, 

68. 
"Nelwang's Elopement," Chap. 64. 
"The First Book and the New Eyes," 

Chap. 69. 

The Story of Mackay of Uganda, — 
"Early Days," Chap. 2. 
"At the Court of Mtesa," Chap. 11. 

In the Tiger Jungle, — 

"Does God Hear Prayer?" Chap. 1. 
"Encounter with a Ten-Foot Serpent," 
Chap. 3. 



BOOK REVIEW PROGRAMS 77 

The Cobra's Den, — 

"The Cobra's Den," Chap. 1. 
"The Angry Mob and the Story of the 
Cross/' Chap. 3. 

By Canoe and Dog Train, — 

"Camping in the Snow," Chap. 9. 

James Gilmour of Mongolia, — 

"In Journeyings Often, In Perils of Rivers," 
Chap. 6. 

The Minute Man on the Frontier, — 

"A Brand New Woods Village," pp. 114-122. 

Leavening the Nation, — 

"The Race for Land," pp. 168-171. 

The Chinaman as We See Him, — 

"No Good Play Croquet," pp. 198, 199. 

The Battle With the Slums, — 

"Opening Day at Seward Park," pp. 302- 
307. 

Those Black Diamond Men, — 

"The Old Mogul's Fresh Air Fund," Chap. 
19. 

The Burden of the City, — 
"Ikey," pp. 135-137. 



78 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

17. Some schools print a catalogue of the 
books in the library. It might be well to add a 
missionary section and give terse statements 
about each of the best books to serve as a recom- 
mendation. In case this cannot be done, make a 
missionary bulletin or use the blackboard. 

Striking illustrations are: 

My Dogs in the Northland, by Egerton R. 
Young. 

"Boys, animal lovers, and those who like to 
read of adventure will find this book one 
to rejoice in greatly." 

Algonquin Indian Tales, by Egerton R. Young. 
"What 'Uncle Remus' did for the plantation 
negro, Dr. Young does for the Indian." 

The Little Green God, by Mrs. Caroline Atwater 
Mason. 

"Witty, humorous, pathetic, pungent." 

18. A number of Christian Endeavor Societies 
in the New York City Union have adopted what 
is known as the "Unanimous Library Scheme." 
Each society in the church buys a book with the 
understanding that it is to be read by every mem- 
ber. One book was read within a given time by 



* 



\ 







■■■ 






7 



Some Attractive Missionary Leaflets 



LEAFLET LITERATURE 79 

four hundred people who were members of 
junior, intermediate, or senior societies in the 
church. This plan could be admirably adapted 
to Sunday-schools. 

Leaflets 

A little leaflet has sometimes had great in- 
fluence in the history of missions; for example, 
Bishop Thoburn of India, at the age of eighteen 
received his call to the mission field through 
reading a sermon by Dr. Olin in leaflet form; 
and through the reading of a leaflet Dr. Scudder 
received his call to India, and the missionaries 
in his family have given more than five hundred 
and twenty-nine years of service to missions in 
India. 

Leaflet literature is cheaper and requires less 
time for reading than books. Leaflets bearing on 
the theme of the missionary program may be 
given out with profit at the close of the exercises 
with an envelope for the missionary collection on 
the following Sunday. The reading will be car- 
ried into the homes. One pastor says that in one 
week fourteen children secured for him over 
sixteen hundred readers of one leaflet. One of 



80 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

the best devices for circulating leaflets is to give 
each child a copy of the leaflet in an envelope 
which has printed on the outside a request that 
the leaflet be read by the members of the family 
with whom it is left, and that the names of the 
readers be entered in the blank spaces on the 
envelope. The statement is also printed that the 
one delivering the envelope will call for it the 
next morning. The leaflets may also be bound in 
pretty covers and several of them fastened to- 
gether with such a cover, making attractive story 
booklets for the library. A number of such leaf- 
lets may be obtained from the various missionary 
societies. 

Magazines 

The missionary magazines of the mis- 
sionary societies, including those for children, 
may well be placed on file in the library. These 
contain current news and the children will often 
be delighted to find fresh stories and facts about 
the things which they have studied. The stories 
may sometimes be clipped and arranged on card- 
board or made into booklets, or they may be filed 
in envelopes for future reference, , These will 



MAGAZINES AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES SI 

often be found useful in the preparation of mis- 
sionary talks and Sunday-school exercises as well 
as for general information. Secular magazines 
and papers sometimes contain very fine articles 
and pictures which can be used to good ad- 
vantage. 

Public Libraries 

Frequently the best missionary books and 
magazines are available through the public 
libraries of the cities and towns. In addition to 
these there are often college, high school, Young 
Men's Christian Association, and private libraries 
where missionary books may be obtained. In 
many of these, special lists of missionary books 
are prepared by the librarian for use by the pub- 
lic, and where this is not done only a suggestion 
to the librarian is necessary. Sometimes addi- 
tions will be made when it is known that it will 
be of advantage to a group of people who 
are doing some special work. Some public 
libraries contain departments for children where 
the best juvenile missionary stories should ap- 
pear. This has already become a feature in 
some instances. 



CHAPTER VII 

MAP AND CHART WORK 

The stress which is laid upon the use of maps 
in the educational system of our country sug- 
gests that they are quite as essential to effec- 
tive missionary instruction. The care and atten- 
tion bestowed upon the child in the public school 
in connection with the study of both physical and 
political geography and of history should be ex- 
ercised in a thorough and systematic study of 
missions, which is in part a combination of both 
these subjects. The natural process of carrying 
the student from the concrete to the abstract, 
from the known to the unknown, is a principle 
which must dominate all true instruction, and the 
best point of contact for our teaching is to be 
found in the use of maps and the knowledge of 
other countries already gained by the child. 
These methods will intensify an interest in mis- 
sions by giving accuracy, definiteness, and vivid- 
ness to missionary instruction. 

Some of the greatest missionaries have re- 
ceived their life impulse from a study of maps. 
Eliza Agnew, when eight years of age, decided 

82 



INFLUENCE OF MAPS 83 

to become a missionary when her teacher in New 
York, while conducting a geography lesson, re- 
lated to the class the story of a friend's life, and, 
placing his finger upon the Isle of France, told 
them not to forget that Harriet Newell was 
buried there; Alexander Mackay when a mere 
lad had his interest in missions intensified by 
tracing with his father upon the map of Africa 
the journeys of David Livingstone ; and the mis- 
sion of William Carey grew upon him as he 
studied the map of the world in giving lessons in 
geography in the little school at Moulton. 1 

A missionary map of the world should 
have a prominent place in the Sunday- 
school room. This will enable the school to 
have, as it were, a bird's-eye view of the 
entire world. They will learn the strategic 
points of missionary activity; they will better 
understand the great work of the Church be- 
cause of the vivid picture of the non-Christian 
world; they will learn to know mission stations 
and the location of the homes of so many mem- 
bers of the Church. Thus the world field will 
become visualized to the children, and their pray- 

1 Belle M. Brain, Holding the Ropes, 63, 64. 



84 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

ers will naturally become crystallized into defin- 
ite, intercessory petitions. 

The World Field 

If the school does not already own a mission- 
ary map of the world one should be purchased 
for use with the regular monthly missionary 
programs. When the map is hung before the 
school for the first time there should be some ex- 
planation concerning the facts upon it. The col- 
oring of the map showing the areas of the pre- 
vailing religions of the world, the fields of some 
of the greatest missionaries, and the location of 
some mission stations would be appropriate for 
the first exercises. It may be that not all of 
these facts will be found, but some one will 
doubtless have the necessary information at hand, 
or will be able to make the necessary preparation. 
If the map hangs open continually much of the 
interest will be lost, but if on special occasions it 
is displayed before the school it will be studied 
eagerly by the children, especially when explana- 
tions about the various facts upon it are made to 
them. Sometimes teachers will be glad to take 
an exercise of this sort, adding a missionary tone 



WORLD FIELD OUTLOOKS 85 

to the knowledge which they already have. The 
exercises to be used with such a map are numer- 
ous. 

1. To represent the extension of the work in 
foreign lands there may be stretched from mis- 
sion headquarters narrow, dark red ribbons ex- 
tending to the countries or stations which 
are occupied by the Church. These points may 
be marked with gold stars, flags, or brass-headed 
fasteners such as are used to bind papers to- 
gether. 

2. Imaginary journeys or the actual journeys 
of missionaries may be pictured by means of col- 
ored cords stretched from point to point, the 
points being marked by some device. 

3. Flying trips by land or sea may be made 
especially fascinating by selecting from mission- 
ary books in the library stories from the lives of 
great missionary heroes. Sometimes there may 
be fastened upon the map pictures of trains, 
sedan-chairs, ships, or other means of convey- 
ance. These may be clipped from papers or 
drawn by the children. 

4. Teachers in some normal schools are re- 
quired to prepare the stories of imaginary jour- 



86 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

neys which they have taken to various parts of 
the world. These journeys are illustrated by pic- 
tures taken from advertising material of railroad 
systems and steamship lines, and from leading 
magazines and papers. The missionary phases 
may be added to the journey, which will make a 
very attractive missionary exercise. 

5. The journeys of the outgoing missionaries 
may be indicated upon the map in contrast with 
those of the early days, showing the difference 
in mode of travel and the time required to take 
the journeys. 

6. The journeys of new missionaries who have 
gone out during the year may be indicated and 
their work described. Missionary magazines 
often give from month to month the names and 
destinations of their missionaries who are sailing 
for the foreign field. 

7. A very effective exercise may be conducted 
by drawing steamship lines, and those of rail- 
roads, submarine cables, telegraphs, and the like, 
showing how these things are useful agencies in 
the world's evangelization. It may be conducted 
by questions which will make the mind alert. 



IMAGINARY JOURNEYS 87 

For instance, if a missionary were in Calcutta, 
how would you go to him or send him a message ? 
A good geography will often furnish much of 
this necessary information and the rest may be 
obtained from folders concerning travel. 

8. An imaginary journey with some mission- 
ary from one point to another in a foreign land, 
with stop-overs at stations and description of 
modes of travel and the homes visited, will be 
intensely interesting. 

9. Fields or stations to which the school has 
sent money should be marked and often be sub- 
jects of definite prayer in the regular Sunday- 
school session. In one instance where conditions 
were favorable a map of the world was spread 
upon the floor and the children marked the sta- 
tions with lighted candles while the teacher told 
the story of how the missionary money was used. 
(See p. 126.) 

10. At the end of the year a general review of 
the mission countries studied during the past 
twelve months may be used as one number of a 
program given at the time of the regular Easter 
collection. 



88 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 
Work with Countries 

While the map of the world can be used to the 
best advantage in giving a broad summary of the 
field and a general interest in missionary activity, 
large maps of continents and especially of coun- 
tries are essential to a thorough understanding 
of missionary work. This will give the children 
an opportunity to do some work themselves, and 
it will also afford a means of indicating in an 
elaborate way missionary work in countries 
where it is established. This work may be used 
as a part of a program for the school, in classes 
which are taking up special study, or in classes 
which have formed themselves into mission 
bands to do work outside of the regular Sunday- 
school session. Many of the methods used in 
the study of the world field may be adapted here. 

1. Outline maps may be made upon the black- 
board or upon large sheets of white or manila 
paper for the special exercises. Among the 
things which will be interesting are the loca- 
tion of the stations and agencies supported by the 
missionary society or board, the homes of mis- 
sionaries, the journeys which it is necessary for 
them to make in their work, together with modes 



COUNTRIES AND MISSION STATIONS 89 

of travel, all of which may be indicated with 
attractive devices, such as stars, crosses, flags, 
churches, schoolhouses, and other illustrative ob- 
jects. 

2. It is often difficult to obtain the location of 
mission stations, and to meet this demand some 
missionary societies have published for denomi- 
national use maps showing their principal mis- 
sion stations. 

3. When it is desirable to use the blackboard 
for map work it is often difficult to draw maps on 
account of their irregularity. Stencil maps have 
been used for a number of years by teachers in 
the public schools and are now used in a number 
of Sunday-schools. The stencil may be stamped 
upon the blackboard before the session begins 
and traced at the same time, or if the speaker 
wishes to give a real chalk talk the map may be 
traced while he is talking. (See Appendix C.) 

4. For use in classes, where it is possible 
for the members to mark small maps, one may 
be given to each person. If it is desirable to 
practice economy a simple outline map of the 
country to be studied may be made on the mime- 
ograph or hectograph, but in cases where there 



90 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

is no money to purchase material there has al- 
ready been prepared for use in public schools a 
series of outline maps of the countries known 
as the Leete Exercise Outline Maps. En- 
deavor to impress upon the children that 
they make their maps as attractive as pos- 
sible, the teacher even offering suggestions as 
to how this may be done. The suggestion of 
colors and the indication of appropriate facts will 
prove helpful to the children. The work done by 
classes may be compared, and there may be an 
exhibition of their work for the school. 

5. For general work, where it is not possible 
to buy maps, they may be often borrowed from 
schools, railway offices, or the homes of interested 
persons. In the early study of a country or for 
use in an imaginary journey a large globe will 
be a helpful accessory and probably can be bor- 
rowed for the occasion. 

Sand Trays 

The sand tray is in many Sunday-schools an 
important feature in aiding to fix firmly histori- 
cal facts and to make real the construction of 
cities and houses and other points which come 



USE OF THE SAND TRAY 91 

up in connection with the regular Sunday-school 
lessons. It may be used in connection with the 
missionary instruction to cover the same points. 
Especially with the younger children will the 
sand tray be a success. The sand tray is gener- 
ally about 2y 2 or 3 by 8 feet, having the sides 
about 6 inches high. It should be painted light 
blue, but if this is not possible blue cambric, tis- 
sue paper, or even an old looking-glass may be 
placed in the bottom to represent the water. Sand 
or ordinary earth is used for the modeling. It is 
not necessary that the equipment be elaborate, 
and it is possible to use an ordinary box or large 
pan. In some instances the ordinary kitchen 
table has been used by putting a little railing 
around it, and again by turning it upside down 
upon chairs. 

Often there is perplexity as to how a whole 
school may use a sand tray. If the school is 
small the exercises may be conducted before the 
whole membership, but if this is not possible 
sometimes the school is divided into sections, 
each section or class using the tray a portion of 
the Sunday allotted to mission study, or by using 
it on different Sundays. In one case the pastor 
of the church took the different sections on the 



92 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

same day, giving each a lesson. Sometimes one 
class may do the work and an opportunity be 
given the entire school to inspect it and make 
criticisms. 

Constructive Work 

It is an axiom that effort and interest go to- 
gether, and often some child may be won to the 
cause by some piece of work which he has been 
given to do. The construction of objects will 
engage the attention of the whole school as well 
as give to those children who do the work some 
tangible connection with the foreign countries in 
which the missionaries have gone to labor. 

1. In the elementary department of the Horace 
Mann School, New York City, a class of third 
grade boys in connection with their geography 
work made on their sand table an Indian pueblo. 
The teacher having secured an appropriate pic- 
ture, the boys reproduced it, shaping the earth 
to resemble the ground, building out of appro- 
priate material the pueblo complete, putting trees 
at their proper places, planting grass which grew, 
modeling oxen which were hitched to carts, and 
even representing the inhabitants by toy models 




o 3 

pq t3 

W o 

P £ 

>H 0) 

<5 § 



CONSTRUCTIVE WORK 93 

of men. Their work awakened much interest, 
and photographs of it were taken to be kept in 
the school. 

2. On the floor of the Transportation Building 
at the St, Louis Exposition was modeled out of 
papier mache a very large representation of 
Japan, and upon it were placed miniature rail- 
roads, bearing their trains, and the telegraph 
systems, w r hile from Tokyo, Yokohama, Naga- 
saki, and other ports the steamship lines were in- 
dicated by miniature outgoing vessels. By the 
use of pamphlets and folders of various railroads 
and steamship lines a like representation of any 
of our mission countries could be made on a small 
scale. For example, the developing railroad sys- 
tem of China can be studied in connection witH 
the roads about Pekin, and a very interesting les- 
son could be given on the Boxer uprising in 1900 
when so many missionaries and native Christians 
were martyred. Again, the line of railroad in 
Africa being constructed from Cairo, Egypt, to 
Cape Town, Cape Colony, could be made very 
interesting and many missionary lessons gathered 
along the route. 

3. There are some outstanding features about 



94 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

nearly every foreign land which appeal to one 
and will often serve as a point of contact through 
which knowledge may be enlarged. For exam- 
ple, nearly every child knows about the great wall 
of China, but how many people know that there 
are more than 1,500 walled cities 1 , of which only 
288 have any resident Protestant missionaries? 3 
Let the boys build a walled city. Mission- 
aries in going to West China go up the Yangtse 
River for over 1,800 miles, through the most 
dangerous rapids, in the midst of great difficulties 
and peril to their lives. This may be made real 
by some ingenious boy. The teacher who is alert 
will find many suggestions to be given to those 
who have an inclination for this work. 

4. In Africa and India peculiar types of houses 
and villages give ample opportunity for construc- 
tive work. Care should always be taken that the 
children do not gain a wrong impression of a 
country through one type, because there is great 
diversity of custom even in different parts of the 
same country ; there should also be given in clear 

1 The map of China for the China Inland Mission, 
1898, marks 1,558 walled cities. 

8 Shown in Atlas of Protestant Missions, by Harlan 
P. Beach. (Map is based on statistics of 1900.) 



SUGGESTIONS FOR BOYS 95 

contrast the kinds of buildings which we are 
constructing in connection with mission work 
and the influence which these have and will have 
upon the native populations. 

5. Boys especially are fond of using car- 
penters' tools, and often they will be able to con- 
struct native junks, houses, boats, some of the 
famous mission boats, sedan-chairs, ancestral tab- 
lets of China and Japan, and other suggestive ob- 
jects, almost any of which may be made from 
pictures or descriptions. 

Charts 

While the facts shown by charts are very dif- 
ferent from those expressed by maps the same 
principles are involved. Lessons may be told in 
charts with their "silent but eloquent appeals" 
which it would take columns of the printed page 
to convey. In the great missionary exhibits 
which have been held in a number of the larger 
cities it has been noted that children, especially, 
stand and study the charts which show startling 
facts and figures and make intelligent comments 
upon them. Charts may be purchased through 
some missionary society, but it is generally bet- 



96 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

ter to have some person in the local organization 
make them. (See Appendix C.) 

The more elaborate charts should be drawn on 
paper or made on cloth rather than on the black- 
board, that they may be preserved and used in 
connection with future exercises of the Sunday- 
school and for decoration in the Sunday-school 
room. The older members of the school will also 
be able to bring in facts, figures, and suggestions 
for new charts, some of which will be of general 
interest to the church. It is not at all impossible 
for a local Sunday-school to produce charts 
which will be published by the church papers and 
thus carry a message to the entire denomination. 
Often charts which are made may be utilized in 
every department of the church, and should form 
a prominent part of the library or museum. 

Ordinarily the construction of charts is very 
simple. Circles, squares, pyramids, and straight 
lines as a rule are employed to convey the lessons 
which they contain. Sometimes other designs 
are used which make strong appeals. Some 
suggestions are offered which may help to open 
up this most attractive form of instruction. 

1. It is true that not more than one-quarter of 



STRIKING CHART DESIGNS 97 

the people in Japan have yet heard of Christ. 
Represent the population of Japan by a large cir- 
cle, leaving one-quarter white to represent these 
and coloring the remaining three-quarters black 
to represent those who have not yet heard the 
Gospel message. Give the lettering a prominent 
place. 

2. One mission study class represented the 
population of China by placing a large red card 
with pictures of 114 Bibles clipped from a Bible 
catalogue. The population of China, which is 
407,337,305/ was divided by the number of let- 
ters contained in one Bible, and it was discovered 
that it would take more than every letter in the 
114 Bibles to represent the population of this one 
nation. 

3. The ribbon designs are one of the most 
effective and easily produced of all concrete illus- 
trations. The most popular ribbon illustration 
that has been made shows the comparative annual 
expenditure of money in the United States. 
From the following figures 2 it may easily be 

1 Statesman's Year-Book, 1905. 

2 From chart, "How Americans Spend Their Money," 
Young People's Missionary Movement. (Statistics 
chiefly of 1904.) 



98 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

made. Let 82 inches of black represent the $1,- 
243,000,000 spent for liquor ; 49^ inches of red 
the $750,000,000 for tobacco ; 46 inches of green 
the $700,000,000 for jewelry and plate; 16^ 
inches of blue the $250,000,000 for Church work 
at home; 11^4 inches pink the $178,000,000 for 
confectionery, and y 2 inch white the $7,500,000 
for foreign missions. 

4. Perhaps the most effective illustration to 
use in an appeal for systematic giving is that 
representing the wealth of the Protestant Church 
members in the United States. Let 127 yards of 
narrow black ribbon be used to represent the 
$25,000,000,000 which it is estimated is the total 
wealth of the Protestant Church members of the 
United States, and 12 feet, or 4 yards, of narrow 
red or white ribbon the $800,000,000 which is the 
annual net increase in wealth of the Protestant 
Church members of the United States over and 
above all expenditures ; and then an inch and a 
half of blue ribbon to represent the seven or eight 
million dollars which the Protestant Churches 
contribute annually for foreign missions. 

For the construction of other charts simple and 
definite facts may be obtained, such as compara- 



MAP AND CHART MAKING 99 

tive populations, areas, increase in the number of 
Christians, and the general progress of Chris- 
tianity; Church work at home, and the growth 
and development of nations; the expansion of 
mission work which is shown through the rapid 
spread of the English language; the increase of 
Bible translations in foreign tongues; the in- 
crease in the circulation of copies of the Bible; 
and the extension of the temporal power of 
Christian nations. 

Materials for Map and Chart Making 

There should be in general a good blackboard 
and a whiteboard made of large, heavy sheets of 
manila paper. Maps and charts for permanent 
use can best be made out of cloth. For the artis- 
tic work there should be provided colored cray- 
ons, colored pencils, or water-colors. Several 
sizes of letters will be needed, and various de- 
vices will be found available. For neat and simple 
lettering gummed paper letters in red, black, or 
white colors ready for use maybe purchased. (See 
Appendix C.) If these cannot be secured, letters 
may be cut from paper and pasted on, drawn 
free-hand, or printed with regular letters or pan- 

LOFC. 



100 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

tograph. In some instances paint is preferred. 
Two or three small brushes should be provided. 
White lead and lampblack, with dry colors, ver- 
milion, chrome green, chrome yellow, ultrama- 
rine blue, and vandyke brown, will be all the 
paints needed. Oil should never be used for mix- 
ing colors, but instead a combination of one part 
light varnish, one part turpentine, and two parts 
japan. Let the colors be stirred in as much of 
the mixture as is necessary to moisten them, and 
when ground to a smooth paste, let the mixture 
be added slowly until quite thin. White lead 
should be added to lighten the shades. Also for 
lettering a stencil may be made by drawing the 
letters or figures upon heavy cardboard, cutting 
these out, and brushing through the spaces with 
paint. Sometimes a sign painter may be asked 
to contribute one or two hours' work to the in- 
terest of the Sunday-school. 

For Map Work 

In making large maps the outline may some- 
times be secured by tracing the map through a 
large thin sheet of paper. In other cases the map 
to be copied may be divided into small squares 



HINTS FOR MAP DRAWING 101 

of from half an inch to two inches on a side by 
drawing across it horizontal and perpendicular 
lines. After determining the size of the large 
map divide the surface to be used for it into the 
same number of squares as have been made on 
the map to be copied. Then trace with a soft 
pencil on the large map square by square the 
small one. It is easy to copy one square at a 
time. After the outline is thus made it should 
be re-traced and the colors filled in. Again, chil- 
dren in the higher grades of the public school 
learn to draw continents and countries on simple 
diagrams which will be found in the back part of 
almost any text-book on geography. If it is im- 
possible to secure teachers or pupils to do this 
work, the artist can obtain a geography and fol- 
low the instructions without difficulty. 

But very few names should appear on the face 
of the map ; the names of the most important mis- 
sion stations will be sufficient. A little drill will 
enable the children to remember those which are 
essential. The name of the country and its 
area and population should usually be given and 
there may be a few additional striking facts, 
such as a comparison of area or population with 
that of another country. 



102 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Material for Chart Work 

In making charts for permanent use purchase 
bleached white muslin for the background and 
sew or paste upon it the required designs in col- 
ored cloths, or use crayons or colors as for maps. 
The charts which have been used most effectively 
have been about a yard and a half or two yards 
square ; in no case should they be less than a yard 
square. 



CHAPTER VIII 
PICTURES, OBJECTS, AND OTHER MATERIAL 

We are living in an age of illustration. Every- 
where in magazines and papers pictures are ap- 
pearing as advertisements of mercantile houses. 
They are in use among all grades of children in 
school and as a medium of instruction in col- 
leges of liberal arts, and are found in profusion 
in many homes in the land, ranging from the 
work of great artists to the cheap lithographic 
forms. President G. Stanley Hall has said : "Prob- 
ably they [pictures] have multiplied more within 
the last ten years than in all the previous history 
of mankind." On every hand there are to be 
found quantities of woodcuts, steel engravings, 
half-tones, stereographs, stereopticon views, and 
drawings. This is a period of amateur photog- 
raphy, and cameras are at work in all mission 
countries. 

The influence of pictures has had its part in 
the history of missions. Alexander Duff said 
his interest in missions began when he was shown 
a picture of idols at the age of four years ; Rich- 
ardson of Madagascar received his missionary 
103 



104 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

impulse at the age of seven when shown a picture 
of the martyrdom of native Christians upon that 
island; Count Zinzendorf renewed his consecra- 
tion and resolved to serve God after studying a 
picture of the crucified Redeemer in the Dussel- 
dorf Gallery. 1 The influence of pictures still con- 
tinues, and through this agency missionaries will 
be won for the field and increased gifts will result 
for the cause. 

The mission of the picture lies largely in the 
care and accuracy with which it is presented. 
When used as a part of the Sunday-school exer- 
cises for instruction in a class it should be accom- 
panied by some story or description and the lead- 
ing idea to be conveyed, brought out in a forceful 
manner. Care should be taken to show the true 
relationship in dimensions, position, and perspec- 
tive of each picture. 

In looking at a native house or a pagoda or 
temple there should be careful explanation of the 
details found in the picture. "The Porcelain 
Tower," by Longfellow, might be read or recited 
by a pupil or the teacher. In showing a picture 
of the largest idol in Japan, the great Buddha or 

1 Belle M. Brain, Holding the Ropes, 62, 63, 86, 87. 




Dai Butsu, Kamakura, Japan 



THE SERVICE OF PICTURES 105 

Dai Butsu near Kamakura, explain that the 
image is made of bronze and is 54 feet high ; that 
it is hollow, and that at the right there is a door 
which opens into a temple filled with little g ; lt 
images; that many pilgrims come every year 
from all over Japan to worship this image, and 
that foreigners visit it as one of the interesting 
sights of Japan. 

How to Secure Pictures 

Early in the year, when the committee outlines 
the policy or plan for the following months, the 
sources from which pictures may be obtained 
should be thoroughly gone over, and someone 
designated to collect these. 

* 1. The half-tones in the religious press are of a 
high order and frequently are missionary sub- 
jects. In missionary papers and magazines will 
be found quantities of pictures to the point, while 
in many secular magazines and papers there are 
now appearing illustrated articles on foreign 
countries, the pictures of which are very excel- 
lent. Often friends will be glad to donate maga- 
zines that have been read, but if these cannot be 



106 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

obtained sometimes it will be possible to buy non- 
current volumes for a small sum. 

2. Whenever it is possible ask the children to 
find and bring pictures upon certain subjects. In 
one instance a class of children was asked to 
bring a picture of Moses, and the following Sun- 
day twenty-six were presented to the teacher as 
the result of the children's interest. A similar 
interest can be aroused in a search for missionary 
pictures. 

3. Oriental postcards of nearly every foreign 
country have been prepared by various publishing 
houses and can be bought at a small price. These 
are especially desirable in sending invitations and 
making other announcements for missionary 
meetings. 

4. Pictures suitable for use in teaching the 
Bible and Christian missions are now obtainable, 
among which are the Perry, Brown, Orient, Cos- 
mos, and United Study pictures. (See Appendix 
C.) 

How to Use Pictures 

Pictures may be used in a variety of ways in 
connection with the monthly missionary program, 



WAYS OF USING PICTURES 107 

the Sunday-school class, the decoration of the 
room, in the library, and in the house. 

1. In small schools and in the smaller depart- 
ments of schools the pictures may be held by the 
leader while the talk is given, allowing all the 
privilege of coming to look at them at the close of 
the session. 

2. When this plan is not practicable at least 
one picture illustrating some part of the mission- 
ary talk to be given may be used by each teacher 
in a class for two or three minutes at the close 
of the Bible lesson. If the teaching and merits 
of the picture are intelligently pointed out there 
should result a more intense interest in the pro- 
gram which follows. 

3. Cards for mounting pictures are not very ex- 
pensive and can be obtained in a variety of colors. 
The choicest pictures for wall decoration may be 
mounted and framed. They may be either views 
of missionary work, pictures of idols, or pictures 
of the great missionaries of the Church. 

4. Pictures of good size and regular form are 
very attractive when attached to red ribbons and 
hung up as panels, the pictures, of course, being 
properly grouped. 



108 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

5. A number of small pictures on one country 
or of missionaries in that country may be 
grouped on cards, the pictures for a country be- 
ing fastened with narrow ribbons, each country 
having its chosen color. Sometimes in connec- 
tion with this there is an envelope or folder cor- 
responding to each country in which stories are 
filed, the teachers or scholars going to these 
sources for information as they would to the 
library. 

6. In one Junior society the pictures of twenty- 
five missionaries and some facts about each were 
learned through the collection and mounting of 
the pictures of missionaries. The pictures were 
afterwards given to the children to be taken 
home, many of them having permanent places in 
their homes. The influence was widely felt. 

7. The children may be encouraged to make 
missionary scrap-books by clipping pictures from 
available sources. 

C 

8. Postcards may be collected and put into 

scrap-books, or postcard albums. In the same 
manner . foreign postage stamps and stamp al- 
bums will especially delight the boys. 



POSTCARDS AND PAPER DOLLS 109 

9. Many children find great pleasure in mak- 
ing paper dolls, and a great variety of designs 
may be obtained representing foreign peoples. By 
looking at pictures they can design the various 
costumes as effectively as those for American 
dolls. 

10. Artists in some mission study classes have 
made very beautiful designs of crests and the 
coat-of-arms of some foreign nations. This gives 
a wide field for the development of the best artis- 
tic skill and the result is worthy of a prominent 
place in the library or museum. 

11. Pictures, poems, mottoes, and unique 
charts may be preserved in substantial and yet at- 
tractive form by the passe-partout method of 
mounting. 

Objects 

To make real the lives of the people of a for- 
eign country is the first requisite to successful 
missionary instruction. Again we are reminded 
of the educational principle of the objective 
method by Professor James Sully, who says: 
"Seeing a thing is worth a hundred descriptions 



110 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

of it." Returned missionaries have been quick to 
recognize the value of the object lesson 
and have brought back curios which have been 
the beginning of an abiding missionary in- 
terest. Missionary curios are easily obtained 
and are comparatively inexpensive. . Objects 
from Japan and China are to be found in the 
large stores of our cities and sometimes country 
villages. Occasionally members of the church 
have friends who are missionaries in foreign 
countries from whom can be secured objects 
of interest. A permanent collection of curios 
may well be made by each Sunday-school and 
kept in the library or in the museum under the 
supervision of a special committee. These can 
be used effectively for decorating the room on 
missionary Sundays, in connection with mission- 
ary lessons and addresses, and will be a great 
attraction for missionary socials and exhibits. 

The use of any object should lead primarily 
back to some knowledge which may be related 
to the subject of missions. The resources of the 
teacher will be found in appropriate stories told 
in a conversational style while the object is held 
before the children. If the children are small 
they will be eager to touch it and to look at it 



OBJECTS, CURIOS, FLAGS 111 

Closely, which privilege should not be denied 
them. 

With the study of each country it will be well 
to have a flag of the country hung upon the wall, 
together with the flag of the United States as a 
decoration. Possibly each child will be glad to 
buy a similar flag to be kept at home. (See Ap- 
pendix C.) Without doubt the flags of the na- 
tions alone will be a great influence toward win- 
ning the minds and hearts of children in the Sun- 
day-school to a keen interest in non-Christian 
nations. 

Mottoes 

In addition to maps, charts, and pictures, mot- 
toes form an important feature of missionary 
decoration and instruction. They have been used 
largely in great missionary exhibits and in decor- 
ating Mission study class rooms. Many very 
attractive ones have been made by the young 
people. They may vary in form and style from 
the long, narrow, white strip of muslin upon 
which the words are printed in large black type 
to the smaller and more elaborate designs made 
in water-colors or by pen. Sometimes these even 



112 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

take the shape of book-marks, such as a small 
map of the country being studied, upon which is 
the picture of one of its famous missionaries and 
a notable quotation. These mottoes may be made 
under the direction of a committee, by different 
classes, or by some interested scholars. Mem- 
bers of the Sunday-school may be encouraged to 
read missionary literature, such as the Life of 
David Livingstone, the Life of John G. Paton, or 
the Life of Joseph Hardy Neesima, in search of 
the mottoes. The form should vary in order that 
monotony may be avoided. 

1. The first motto to be made should be "The 
Evangelization of the World in This Genera- 
tion," which has become the watchword of the 
great missionary conventions which have been 
held within the past few years, and is fast be- 
coming the watchword of the Christian Church. 

2. When the study of a country is first begun 
have an appropriate motto displayed. If the 
country should be China, the Chinese words, 
"T'ien Ctiao," meaning "Heavenly Dynasty/' or 
Townsend's motto, "China for Christ in This 
Generation," would be appropriate. When Japan 
is under consideration the words, "Christ is Con- 



INSPIRING MOTTOES 113 

quering Japan," or those of Bishop Moore, "As 
Japan Goes so Goes the Orient," may be used. 
It will not be difficult to find suitable mottoes for 
any mission country. 

3. The sayings of great missionaries are al- 
ways inspiring. A few have been selected from 
the many which are just as appropriate. 

"Anywhere, provided it be forward." 

David Livingstone. 

"We can do it if we will." Samuel J. Mills. 

"Expect great things from God ; attempt great 
things for God." William Carey. 

"Christ is conquering; Christ is reigning; 
Christ is triumphing." Charlemagne. 

4. Sometimes ask a question having the reply 
presented as a motto ; again the question may be 
on one card and the reply on another. For ex- 
ample, some one asked Adoniram Judson, "What 
are the prospects in Burma?" He replied, "The 
prospects are as bright as the promises of God." 
When Bishop Selwyn was asked, "What can I 
do for Christ?" he replied, "Go where He is not 
and take Him with you." It is possible to find 
very good questions and answers in the Scrip- 
tures. 



114 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

5. It will be appropriate toward the close of a 
series of lessons on one country to have repro- 
duced upon a large piece of cardboard the fol- 
lowing verse, changing the word "J a P an " to suit 
whatever country is being studied: 

"What have I thought of His work so dear? 
What have I planned for His kingdom here? 
What have I given of the wealth He gave? 
What have I learned of His power to save? 
What have I done that Japan may see 
What Jesus did when He died for me?" 

This verse may also be copied on small cards 
and given out as may be thought best by the 
teachers. 



Chalk Talks 

Chalk talks have been in use for years in con- 
nection with the Biblical instruction given in 
Sunday-school, and in no place may they be em- 
ployed more effectively than in the study of mis- 
sions. The person who can conduct a chalk talk 
has in a special sense the "whole world as his 
parish." Often when objects or pictures cannot 
be obtained chalk talks may be used as a sub- 
stitute. Many people feel that they have not the 
ability which will enable them to do the best 



ELOQUENCE OF CHALK 115 

work, and so refrain from making an attempt to 
use the chalk. It is not necessary that one be a 
skilled draughtsman or artist in order to attain 
success. A few simple lines are much more 
effective and sometimes receive greater apprecia- 
tion than a very elaborate picture. It is desirable 
to be able to draw while the talk is being given, 
but in many instances the work is all done before 
the school assembles, and sometimes another per- 
son than the teacher can be persuaded to do it. 
There is a small book, The Blackboard Class, by 
Florence H. Darnell, which contains a dozen les- 
sons from which the teacher may learn the rudi- 
ments of chalk talk work. (See Appendix C.) 
There is an opportunity for originality in the de- 
velopment of designs for such exercises. 

1. The ancestral worship of China, may be il- 
lustrated by drawing an ancestral tablet before 
which a Chinese boy is worshiping, which will 
open the way for an interesting story about the 
worship of the Chinese people. 

2. In considering the relation of Japan to the 
Orient there may be drawn a door, upon which 
is a knocker, marked "Korea." The key which 
unlocks the door is marked "Japan," which sym- 



116 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

bolides Japan as the key to the Orient which will 
open China, Tibet, and Siam to Western civiliza- 
tion and learning. 

3. The going of missionaries to foreign 
countries may be shown in a series of three pic- 
tures, a trunk, a ship sailing on the ocean, and a 
church, with the words "Here am I," "Send me," 
and "Pray for us." 

4. A hand may be drawn having upon the 
ringers the words "Talk, work, give, study, pray," 
with the motto, "Whatsoever thy hand findeth to 
do, do it with thy might." 

The Stereoscope 

The stereoscope is being used increasingly in 
Sunday-school instruction and will prove to be 
one of the best accessories for the teacher in giv- 
ing missionary instruction to a Sunday-school 
class. These instruments are already in many 
homes, and in some cases parents may be induced 
to purchase new views of foreign countries as 
well as those of the Holy Land and the Life of 
Christ. ' We may come into more intimate touch 
with these nations through the stereoscope than 
by the use of pictures, since the perspective is 



STEREOSCOPE AND STEREOPTICON 117 

such that one seems actually to be in the country 
at which he is looking. There is a strong testi- 
mony in the words of Professor James E. Lough 
of New York University, who says, "The essen- 
tial thing for us is not that we have the actual 
place or object before us as a tourist does rather 
than a picture, but that we have at least some of 
the same facts and conscious ideas and emotions 
in the presence of the picture that the tourists 
gain in the presence of the scenes. This is en- 
tirely possible by the stereoscope." At the great 
missionary exhibits a dozen or more stereoscopes 
have been placed on stands or tables, and these 
tables have always been crowded with children 
eager to use them. The stereoscope seems espe- 
cially to appeal to boys. These could be used by 
individual classes at different times during the 
hour or on different days, or if the school is not 
too large it may be divided into sections in such 
a way that it will be possible for every child to 
look at the pictures. 



The Stereopticon 

The stereopticon is gaining favor constantly 
as a means of giving a combination of entertain- 



118 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

ment and instruction to children. It appeals to 
young and old alike and secures the attention of 
all classes and ages wherever it is used. Many 
Sunday-schools have already adopted its use in 
both the regular Bible instruction and for mis- 
sionary work. The Sunday-school rooms are often 
so constructed that they can be sufficiently dark- 
ened for the use of the stereopticon in the day- 
time, thus making it possible to use it as a part 
of the regular monthly missionary program, but 
more frequently it will be found desirable to ar- 
range an evening service with tickets of admis- 
sion (perhaps free) for children when accom- 
panied by parents or older people. 



CHAPTER IX 
GIVING 

To secure future success in the missionary 
enterprise it will be necessary to train a genera- 
tion of intelligent givers who will carry forward 
the work in a manner commensurate with its 
possibilities. The practical side of the work 
leads us to realize that in a few years the children 
who are now in the Sunday-school will be carry- 
ing the burdens of the Church and the young men 
and the boys will be administering its financial 
affairs. How great will be their responsibility 
can be measured by the fact that the wealth 
of the Protestant Church membership of the 
United States is estimated to have reached 
$25,000,000,000 in 1904, with a net annual in- 
crease of $800,000,000/ "A child untaught in 
the principle of giving is untrained in the prac- 
tice of giving." 

The financial resources of the Sunday-school 
itself have scarcely been touched. The Sunday- 
school scholars of North America by giving two 
cents a week per member could raise weekly 

1 On basis of United States Census, 1900, and Pro- 
testant membership of 1904. 

119 



120 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

$280,000, or annually $14,000,000. The penny 
a week plan (two cents in United States money) 
for missions, proposed by William Carey, has not 
yet been reached by Protestant Christians. The 
Sunday-schools of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church gave, in 1905, over a half million dollars, 
or about one third of the entire amount given to 
the General Missionary Society of that denomi- 
nation for both Home and Foreign missions, and 
yet this is only a little over sixteen cents 
per member, 1 an amount so small that if the chil- 
dren desired to give systematically a certain 
amount weekly there is no coin in our money 
small enough to make such giving possible. In 
the Church many Sunday-schools, financially not 
more able than others, are giving more than $1 
per member, while one Sunday-school gave $7.50 
per member, another $4.35, and another $4.03. 2 
Children will feel a responsibility and respond 
to it when they have learned of the existing 
needs and conditions of the home mission fields 
and of the non-Christian world. 

1 Minutes of the Annual Conferences of the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Church, 1905, pp. 832-837. 

2 Methodist Year Book, 1904, p. 50. 



RESULTS OF GIVING 121 

Moreover, some of the best known mission- 
aries have been led to consecrate their lives to the 
cause of missions through missionary giving. Cy- 
rus Hamlin dated the turning-point of his career 
to dropping seven cents in a mite-box for this 
cause, and also claims that five other missionaries 
came from the same church won by the same 
mite-box ;* Bishop Warne, of India, says that his 
interest in missions began when at nine years of 
age he subscribed $1 in an annual missionary 
meeting when the preacher said, "I want every 
person in the house including boys and girls to 
subscribe something, no matter how small, and 
two months will be given in which to pay the sub- 
scription. " The Bishop says he raised the $1 
long before the time for payment, and wished 
that he could hasten the coming of the collector 
or that he had made a larger subscription. 

Shall the Church Support the Sunday School? 

One of the most interesting discussions of the 
last few years has been with regard to the sup- 
port of the Sunday-school by the church and the 
use of money taken in Sunday-school collections. 

1 Belle M. Brain, Holding the Ropes, 68, 69. 



122 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Increasingly, Sunday-school workers claim that 
provision should be made for the support of the 
Sunday-school through the treasury of the 
church, thus allowing all money raised in the 
Sunday-school to be used for missionary pur- 
poses. In a number of instances where leaders 
of the Church have met together for a discussion 
of vital subjects resolutions have been passed 
recommending that the Church accept its so- 
called rightful obligation to the Sunday-school, 
thus permitting all money raised by the school 
to be used for missionary purposes of the Church. 

After an address by the Hon. Samuel B. Capen 
before the Boston Sunday School Union, a reso- 
lution was adopted stating that "We recommend 
that the regular expenses of our Sunday-schools, 
so far as possible, should be paid by the churches, 
to the end that the gifts of the children should 
be used for missionary purposes." 1 

At a Conference of Presiding Elders of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church held in Gary Mem- 
orial Church, Wheaton, Illinois, January, 1905, 
the following resolution was passed: "We urge 
the importance of systematic instruction and 

1 Samuel B. Capen, Address, "The Sunday School 
Offering." (Resolutions at close of address, p. 42.) 



CHURCH SUPPORT OF SCHOOL 123 

regular missionary offerings in all of our Sun- 
day-schools. We call the attention of our peo- 
ple to the benefit derived from each church sup- 
porting its Sunday-school, thus allowing the 
regular offerings to go to the missionary cause." 1 
This resolution, coming as it does from a body of 
ministers representing not less than 1,000,000 
Protestant Church members, is very significant 
and well worthy of consideration by pastors and 
Sunday-school officers. 

The Plan 

Early in the year let the missionary commit- 
tee of the Sunday-school plan for a missionary 
budget with as much care and thought as any 
other department of the church for its financial 
scheme. Press the duty of giving. Show the 
urgency of the need. Adopt a definite and ade- 
quate system. While many of the children will 
have no independent income to tithe, they may 
learn to bring systematically the gifts which they 
are able to give, and those young people who 
have allowances or are self-supporting should be 
urged to give regularly and systematically of 
their income. 

1 Editorial, World-Wide Missions, February, 1905. 



124 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

The envelope system for taking Sunday-school 
collections is constantly gaining favor and the 
plan has even been carried into some primary de- 
partments with no small measure of success. The 
young people, officers, and teachers, having ac- 
quired the habit of systematic, intelligent, and 
proportionate giving, make larger subscriptions 
than they would otherwise do, and the children, 
while learning the habit of systematic giving, 
often increase their offerings. In the North 
Avenue Presbyterian Sunday-school, New Ro- 
chelle, New York, the envelope system has met 
with phenomenal success, having more than 
doubled the offerings made on the general plan 
of Sunday-school giving. With less than 200 
scholars the offerings for missions through 
envelopes for 1904 aggregated more than $500 
from the Sunday-school. In the Calvary Metho- 
dist Episcopal Sunday-school, New York City, 
the primary department, consisting of more than 
400 children, has nearly doubled its Sunday- 
school offering through the use of this system. 

When the regular collection is taken by means 
of envelopes there should be one distinctly for 
missionary Sunday marked "Missionary Offer- 
ing," with perhaps a picture or other general in- 



MISSIONARY ENVELOPE SYSTEM 125 

formation as to what the money will do. In 
some instances the envelopes given to the boys 
are blue and those to the girls pink, while 
the missionary envelope differs in color, being 
either white or scarlet. It seems evident that by 
special designation with regard to the missionary 
offering, the collection taken by these envelopes 
results in an increased offering. If the envelope 
system is not used for the regular collection, 
envelopes may be provided for the missionary 
offering, weekly or monthly, according to the 
plan adopted. 

In instances where the Sunday-school is 
large and supported by the church, and Sunday- 
school money goes to missionary and benevolent 
purposes, a series of fifty-two envelopes should 
be designed, each bearing appropriate infor- 
mation as to what the money will do when it 
reaches the end for which it was intended. 

When it is felt that the envelope system in the 
school will conflict with a similar system in the 
church, pledge cards, providing for weekly sub- 
scriptions to be marked each Sunday by the 
teachers, have been used in the school. This 
makes possible systematic giving, although not in 
so attractive a form to the children. The sue- 



126 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

cess of any plan will depend largely upon the 
children's knowledge concerning the use of the 
money. 

Mrs. A. F. Schauffler, of Olivet Chapel, New 
York City, says : 'The secret of all successful 
work with children in missions is for the leader to 
be full of enthusiasm and information. Tell over 
and over again where the money goes and what 
it accomplishes on the Held. The best exercise 
ever had in Olivet was when a large map of the 
world was spread on the platform, and twenty 
children came up one by one, carrying lighted 
candles, which were placed on the stations to 
which money was sent from Olivet, while the 
leader explained that the money from Olivet was 
shining in Africa and India and brightening 
places which, but for Olivet, would be dark. The 
children looked and listened and never forgot the 
lesson. With the exception of the birthday offer- 
ings, the money is all given weekly in small 
envelopes. The interest never seems to flag and 
year after year the offerings equal the same 
amount." 1 This school, with about 700 mem- 
bers, gives $1,400 annually to missions. 1 

1 From Leaflet "The Missionary Cause in the Sunday 
School," Presbyterian Board. 



EASTER OPPORTUNITY 127 

An Easter Offering. 

In some schools Easter is a significant day, 
because at this time by one means or another 
the missionary money of the Sunday-school is 
passed into the treasury. During the six weeks 
preceding Easter, many schools take a special 
offering in addition to the weekly or monthly 
collections, either by subscription from classes 
or from individuals, or by means of mite-boxes 
or other devices. The offering taken during the 
six weeks preceding Easter by the Protestant 
Episcopal Church aggregated in 1905 more than 
$120,000.! The Sunday-school of the Protestant 
Episcopal Church of the Holy Apostles, Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania, takes an annual Lenten 
missionary offering which comes from three 
sources : first, mite-boxes representing the actual 
savings of the scholars doubled by the superin- 
tendent ; second, the Easter offering representing 
the money raised by entertainments, suppers, and 
the like, given by the various classes; third, the 
amount which is given each Sunday during Lent 
in each class, added to the special Lenten offering 
of the class. The results have been produced 

] See "A Church Calendar," 1906, Protestant Episco- 
pal Board. 



128 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

after thirty-eight years of steady growth, by con- 
stantly interesting the school, and having a Mis- 
sionary Sunday each month, when some live mis- 
sionary makes an address or else leaflets pub- 
lished by the Church are used. The missionary 
contribution of this Sunday-school in 1905 was 
$9,164. 

If generally in Sunday-schools at Easter time 
the entire missionary offering of the year, includ- 
ing both regular envelope subscriptions, the in- 
creased offering, and special gifts, could be re- 
ported with appropriate exercises, the church 
and school would receive a lasting benefit in the 
form of a missionary vision. 

In the Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church 
Sunday-school, Albany, New York, this plan 
has been followed with great success. Instead 
of a regular monthly contribution each class has 
its treasurer, who looks after the missionary in- 
terests of the class. Each member is requested 
to subscribe a certain amount per month, which 
may be uniform or as each individual may desire. 
The treasurer keeps full charge of the records 
until the annual missionary concert, which is 
usually held Easter Sunday night. On Easter 
night when the concert is given a missionary 



"LIGHT OF JAPAN" 129 

schooner, full-rigged, about twelve feet long 
and three feet wide, is placed in front of the 
altar and on the pulpit platform a thermometer 
made of wood, twelve feet high, graded from $1 
to $1,500, a narrow silk ribbon being used for 
the mercury. As the classes are called the repre- 
sentative of each class brings forward the class 
offering for the year and states the amount. 
This is noted on the thermometer and the en- 
velope, box, or barrel which contains the offer- 
ing is put in the hold or on the deck of the 
schooner. When the classes have all reported 
the electric lights are turned off in the church 
and by means of a switch the little lights, red, 
blue, and white, lighting the hull and sails of the 
schooner are turned on, making a most beautiful 
and inspiring picture. The schooner bears a 
Japanese name meaning "Light of Japan." Ap- 
propriate exercises are used in connection with 
the bringing of the gifts. The plan has been so 
successful that it has been used year after year 
with slight variation. 

In many Sunday-schools it will not be possible 
to use electric lights as in this case, but other 
plans may be devised, for example, the schooner 
might be outlined by little candles such as are 



130 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

used for Christmas trees or the church might be 
darkened and the stage lighted by means of cal- 
cium lights, search-lights, such as are used on 
automobiles, or the lantern of the stereopticon. 

Mite-Boxes 

Mite-boxes have had a reign and have gath- 
ered vast amounts of missionary money, but the 
time has come when some method which will add 
more to the dignity of giving should be adopted. 
On the whole, children and especially boys, over 
twelve years of age sometimes look with disdain 
upon the mite-box method of collecting money 
and would respond much more cheerfully as well 
as more liberally in some other way. More 
often classes or individuals will pledge them- 
selves for money for some specific work and do 
it gladly. In many instances the mite-box may 
be used to good advantage. There are a num- 
ber of special devices other than mite-boxes 
which will often lend variety and charm to the 
gathering of missionary money, such as barrels, 
eggs, or loaves. For contributions for medical 
missions one has been used in the form of a 
medicine bottle, having upon it the suggestion 



ATTRACTIVE DEVICES 131 

that if properly filled it will furnish useful pre- 
scriptions in medical mission work. Other 
forms are envelopes upon which are printed spe- 
cial missionary designs, or cards, stars, crosses, 
and other forms with gummed receptacles for 
coins. 

Definite Instruction 

The teacher is again the key to the situation. 
While it would doubtless be wise to have instruc- 
tion in giving at least one Sunday each year from 
the superintendent's desk, a more potent influence 
will come from the work done in the class ; espe- 
cially in the Bible classes of young people should 
the teaching be very clear as to Scriptural habits 
of giving. For the teachers, officers, and older 
scholars there are some leaflets which may be 
used with profit. Among these are: 

"Money: It's Nature and Power." 

Dr. A. F. Schauffler. 
"The New Testament Conception of the Disciple and 

His Money." Professor E. I. Bosworth. 

"Money and the Kingdom." 

Dr. Josiah Strong. 
"Stewardship." Rev. C. A. Cook. 

"Higher Ideals of Christian Stewardship." 

Don O. Shelton. 
"Scriptural Habits of Giving." S. Earl Taylor. 



132 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

The Victory of Mary Christopher, by Har- 
vey Reeves Calkins, is a little book which has been 
circulated among many young people's societies 
and would prove a good investment for all Sun- 
day-schools. This is a delightful story, based 
upon fact and containing the principles of Chris- 
tian stewardship in a most attractive form. It 
is a book with a mission, and a number of copies 
may be circulated with profit among the scholars 
by the teachers, and it certainly should have a 
place in the Sunday-school library. 

Other Successful Plans 

The Sunday-school of the First Baptist 
Church, Wallingford, Connecticut, in which very 
marked results have been secured, seeks to create 
a missionary atmosphere in the entire school, in- 
cluding the primary department. To aid in this 
the pastor speaks for about five minutes at each 
session of the school on the "missionary hint" 
of the lesson. In each of the four periods of 
three months during a year the school gives re- 
spectively to four missionary lines : foreign mis- 
sions, home missions, state missions, and general 
benevolence. All of the Sunday-school offerings 



TESTED AND APPROVED PLANS 133 

over and above current expenses go to missions, 
and in the primary department they all go for 
that purpose. The school is kept informed as to 
missionary progress, and at intervals missionary 
stereopticon lectures are given in the main audi- 
torium on a week day evening under the auspices 
of the Sunday-school and Juniors. On such 
occasions the younger members of the school 
sing, the girls usher, and the boys receive the 
offering. 

The First Methodist Episcopal Sunday-school, 
Decatur, Illinois, takes its pledges by classes. 
One scholar in each class keeps a record of the 
individual pledges, and collects the money, re- 
porting the amount when a suitable missionary 
program is rendered. 

The South Street Presbyterian Sunday-school 
of Morristown, New Jersey, is a conspicuous 
illustration, in the large amount of money it has 
given to missions, of the spirit of a pastor who is 
thoroughly enlisted to promote this cause com- 
municating itself to the church and Sunday- 
school. The steadfast devotion of the pastor to 
missions is attested by the fact that one of his 
sons is a missionary in Japan and another in 
Syria. Added to his influence has been the 



134 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

earnest co-operation of the superintendent, and 
the entire tendency of the church, which is mis- 
sionary in all directions. The different mission 
bands of the church, working in conjunction with 
the Sunday-school, have been a great help in 
maintaining the interest in the world's evangel- 
ization. 

In the Sunday-school of the Gloria Dei Prot- 
estant Episcopal Church, Philadelphia, the mis- 
sionary gifts of which during 1905 amounted to 
$1,682, the effectiveness of constant information 
given by printed page and oral address is illus- 
trated. The able missionary monthly of the 
Church, The Spirit of Missions, goes regularly 
to the teachers, and frequent addresses are made 
to the scholars or the whole school by visiting 
missionaries, telling of their special work. 

Specific Gifts 

The desire to support some special work on 
the mission field has proved to be the natural and 
direct outcome of intelligence concerning mis- 
sionary work. This method affords the local or- 
ganization of the church a means of securing 
knowledge of the actual work of a foreign mis- 



SPECIFIC GIFTS 135 

sionary on the field ; it encourages individuals to 
lend themselves to intercession for living work- 
ers ; and it is often the means of leading to in- 
creased gifts. It would be well for those hav- 
ing charge of the missionary work of the Sun- 
day-school to seek information concerning the 
plans for such work from their denominational 
missionary boards. 

When the children are interested in some spe- 
cific end and systematic effort is used in reaching 
that end, unusual results in the giving of chil- 
dren have been obtained. The statement of Miss 
Belle M. Brain showing how children have 
raised money for missionary ships is a vigorous 
argument. Miss Brain says: "The children of 
the American Board raised $46,000 for the 
'Morning Star,' contributing it in ten cent 
shares. The children of England built the 'J onn 
Williams' and gave $29,000 besides to other 
ships of the London Missionary Society. The 
children of Scotland built the 'David Williams/ 
and the children of Australia gave $25,000 to the 
'Dayspring/ John G. Paton's missionary ship." 1 

1 Belle M. Brain, Holding the Ropes, 35. 



CHAPTER X 
PRAYER 

A spirit of prayer for missions if established 
in the Sunday-school will prove to be one of the 
most vital forces in the development of the 
school and its relation to the progress of mis- 
sions. In connection with missions is to be found 
one of the best opportunities of teaching children 
the power and necessity of prayer. The power 
of evangelizing the world has its deeper source 
in God, not in man. It will be accomplished in 
proportion as the Christian Church reaches out 
in intercessory petition to the Father. The 
Church is failing to realize that God has placed 
prayer, the greatest dynamic of the universe, at 
its disposal. There is a dearth of force in our 
prayer life, because we do not ask with expect- 
ant, believing faith which insures the answer. 
Says Andrew Murray : "If there is one thing I 
think the Church needs to learn it is that God 
means prayer to have an answer and that it hath 
not entered into the heart of man to conceive 
what God will do for his child who gives him- 
self to believe that his prayer will be heard." 

A missionary revival which will be felt around 



PRAYER A VITAL FORCE 137 

the world can only be generated through a re- 
vival of prayer. Robert E. Speer says: "The 
evangelization of the world in this generation 
depends first of all upon a revival of prayer. 
Deeper than the need for men; deeper than the 
need for money ; aye, deep down at the bottom of 
our spiritless life is the need for the forgotten 
secret of prevailing, world-wide prayer." It is 
our duty, therefore, to teach all the members of 
the Sunday-school, the younger as well as the 
older, how to wield this mighty, God-given force 
to hasten the evangelization of the world. 

Prayer Themes 

Definite prayer should be offered for our mis- 
sionaries upon the home and foreign fields. The 
calls for help from these fields are not first for 
recruits or money, but for prayer. Melville B. 
Cox said : "Prayers are better for the missionary 
than gold." If the missionaries and members 
of all our mission stations could know that the 
vast numbers represented in our Sunday-schools 
are placing first in their petitions according to 
the direction of Christ, "Thy kingdom come; 
thy will be done, as in heaven, so on earth," 



138 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

and that special prayers are offered for missions, 
it would thrill them with great encouragement 
and inspire fresh forms of missionary conquest 
the world over. 

Prayer for our native Christians and their 
work should parallel that for our missionaries. 
If missionary work is to succeed in the non- 
Christian world, the largest proportion of the 
burden of the future must rest upon the native 
Church which is being raised up. It is there- 
fore essential that through prayer there should 
be added to the force strong native preachers, 
consecrated Bible women, qualified doctors, and 
efficient nurses to develop the work. If there is 
to be awakened a spiritual revival on the native 
field it can only be accomplished through the 
agency of prayer, and this responsibility must in 
large measure be borne by the churches in the 
home land. 

Again, the intercession of the Sunday-school 
for the home agencies is most valuable ; and it is 
essential to success that prayers be constantly 
offered up that the spirit of missions may in- 
crease in the home churches and that God may 
inspire the best administration of missionary 
affairs. 



PRAYER THEMES AND PLANS 139 

Plans for Cultivating Prayer 

In order that the members of the Sunday- 
school may learn to offer simple, direct, and be- 
lieving prayer for missions, it will be necessary 
to outline a definite plan for the development of 
the missionary prayer life of the school. A short, 
definite, intelligent prayer of world-wide signif- 
icance should be offered in the Sunday-school 
each Sunday. A prayer cycle containing a defin- 
ite petition for fifty-two Sundays may be pre- 
pared, allowing for changes when current events 
make it wise to change the petitions. The prayer 
should be preceded by a statement of some need 
which will help the children to feel that there is 
something vital in the prayer and that God will 
answer it; thus the Sunday-school will come to 
feel that intercession for missions is a part of its 
work. An opportunity for such instruction is 
offered in connection with the monthly and five 
minute exercises recommended on pages 27 and 
28. On the regular missionary Sundays, when 
both the opening and closing parts of the session 
are devoted to missions, the prayer at the begin- 
ning of the hour should follow the theme of the 
Scripture reading, and that at the close enforce 
the teaching of the missionary lesson. 



140 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

The prayers may be made by those who give 
the missionary talks or others may be enlisted. 
In either case the parts should be assigned by 
the committee and the subject of prayer made 
known some time before the missionary exercise 
is to be given, so that the participant may ac- 
quire the spirit of prayer. The spirit and man- 
ner in which the prayer is offered will be the 
dominating influence with the children. It can- 
not be emphasized too strongly that lengthy peti- 
tions be avoided and that all prayers be definite. 

At the suggestion of the superintendent, or the 
teachers in the classes, the prayer theme for the 
week may be carried home by the children and 
become a subject of prayer in their daily devo- 
tions both at the family altar and in private. 
Following the suggestions made regarding in- 
struction concerning prayer, it will be found 
profitable to make provision in the budget for 
the purchase of books and leaflets on prayer for 
the use of the teachers, officers, and older mem- 
bers of the school. 

Methods of Presentation 

Variation in the presentation of prayer themes 
will often make the mind alert, create interest, 



VARIATION IN METHOD 141 

touch the sympathy, and thus bring many a sin- 
cere prayer from the hearts of children which 
will both strengthen the work and deepen their 
prayer life. 

1. A missionary map of the world is often one 
of the best means of leading to intelligent inter- 
cession. The field, the home of the missionary, 
or the special work under consideration should 
be located before the prayer is made. 

2. A small map may be given to the members 
of classes or to individuals who may wish them, 
to be marked in connection with the prayers 
offered in Sunday-school or in private devotion. 
At certain times the person may make a prayer 
trip, taking in review all the points which have 
been marked upon the map. 

3. One Sunday may be given entirely to 
"Prayer and Missions," and the program con- 
sist of Bible prayers, incidents regarding prayer, 
or examples of answered prayer. 

4. A point of contact for intelligent prayer 
may be obtained by presenting an object or a 
picture, or by telling a story or reading a letter 
from a missionary. 



142 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

5. The older members of the school especially 
should be encouraged to make special prayer lists 
with a petition for each day asking for definite 
things. The prayers may be for nations, for 
oppressing conditions among heathen peoples, for 
missionaries and their work upon the field, for 
native Christians, for the administration of mis- 
sionary affairs in the home land, or for personal 
relationship to the missionary enterprise. 

6. In some instances inner prayer circles have 
been formed in Sunday-schools and missionary 
societies, in which a few persons have pledged 
themselves to offer definite prayer for the work in 
the Sunday-school and in home and foreign mis- 
sion fields. These prayer circles have proved a 
source of great power. Especially should the 
persons who are caring for the missionary work 
of the school form such a prayer circle. 

Instruction Concerning Prayer 

In the senior department and in Bible classes 
for adults there will be ample opportunity to 
cultivate the prayer life by special instruction 
concerning prayer. The work, however, need 
not necessarily be limited to these departments 



INSTRUCTION FOR PRAYER 143 

of the Sunday-school, for there will be many in- 
stances where such teaching will not only be 
beneficial, but deeply appreciated by children in 
the intermediate department. The superintendent 
or the teacher, as the case may be, should make 
a very careful study of prayer in its relation to 
missions, to the church at large, and to the spirit- 
ual growth of the individual. It is essential that 
every person who is old enough to understand 
the meaning of prayer be brought to a realization 
of personal responsibility to wield the power of 
prayer. 

In order that the individual may be prepared to 
offer faithful and fervent intercessory prayer, 
there should be a thorough understanding of the 
Bible in its relation to prayer and to missions. 
This teaching should further be enforced by illus- 
trations of prayer found in the lives of the great 
missionaries and of other remarkable answer? to 
prayer. 

The habit of prayer can best be acquired in 
connection with the study of the Bible. The 
"Morning Watch" combines the two and offers 
many inducements for a cultivation of the spirit- 
ual life. The young people should be urged to 
adopt the plan of spending the early part of the 



144 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

day alone with the Bible and God. Personal 
daily Bible study has had a remarkable growth 
among young people during the past few years. 
A definite plan for study should be outlined in 
advance, so that some time each morning may be 
given to a preparation for communion with God. 
The courses of Bible study offered to Young 
People's societies and the Young Men's Chris- 
tian Association are arranged for daily study. 
The readings outlined for use in connection with 
the regular Sunday-school lessons afford another 
good plan. Should the student desire to do 
original work, appropriate subjects are not want- 
ing. The prayer life of Christ, prayer as found 
in the Old and New Testament, the place of 
prayer in the development of the early Church, 
the missionary career of Paul, and a score of 
other interesting themes offer themselves for 
selection. 

Good literature may be placed in the hands of 
the individual for specific purposes and in the 
Sunday-school library for general use. Such 
books as With Christ in the School of Prayer 
and The Ministry of Intercession, by Andrew 
Murray, Individual Prayer as a Working 
force, by David Gregg, and A Mighty Means 



PRAYER LITERATURE 145 

of Usefulness, by James G. K. McClure, are 
some of the many good books available. Some 
of the best leaflets may be circulated with profit 
among the young people. "The Morning 
Watch," "The Secret Prayer Life," and "Bible 
Study for Spiritual Growth," by John R. Mott, 
and "Prayer and Missions," by Robert E. Speer, 
are leaflets which already have a very large cir- 
culation among young people. (See Appendix 

c.) 

Examples of Prayer 

Nothing will stimulate one to give himself to 
prayer sooner than a knowledge of the efficiency 
of some life through prayer. Missionary biog- 
raphy contains many interesting stories of the 
prayer life of heroic and consecrated mission- 
aries. 

1. The life of John G. Paton is an example of 
mighty accomplishment through prayer. Robert 
E. Speer says: "It was by prayer that Paton 
was led into the missionary service; by prayer 
he won the hearts of degraded men; by prayer 
he dug wells and found fresh water where others 
found none or salt; by prayer he checked the 



146 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

hand of the assassin; by prayer he locked the 
jaws of violence. We may be sure that it will 
be in the hush of prayer that he will fall asleep." 
In any good life of Paton will be found facts to 
enforce this statement. 

2. Among the home missionaries David Brain- 
erd, the untiring intercessor, has written enough 
about his prayer life to help us recognize the 
source from which the great influence of his 
life was generated. In his diary he writes: 
"God enabled me so to agonize in prayer that I 
was quite wet with perspiration, though in the 
shade and in the cool wind. My soul was drawn 
out very much from the world for multitudes of 
souls." 

3. Captain Allen F. Gardiner in his attempt to 
carry the Gospel to the heathen of Tierra del 
Fuego is a notable example of consecration to 
prayer. On one of his birthdays he wrote: "I 
pray that thou wouldst graciously prepare a way 
for the entrance of thy servants among the poor 
heathen of these islands . . . and should we 
even languish and die here, I beseech thee to 
raise up others and to send forth laborers into 



EXAMPLES OF PRAYER 147 

this harvest." His faith in God may be meas- 
ured by Psalm lxii. 5-8. (See Chapter III.) 

4. Pandita Ramabai, the "Widow's Champion 
of India," has accomplished marvelous things 
through her deep prayer life and consecration to 
service. Ramabai is a real mother to the girls 
in her school and gives herself in prayer for them. 
Her friends have been known to see her white- 
robed figure pacing back and forth on the high 
terraced roof of her house at night, where she 
often remains through the night, giving herself 
in prayer for her work. 

5. David Livingstone was faithful unto death 
in prayer. Many of his prayers are recorded. 
On next to the last of his birthdays he wrote: 
"My Jesus, my King, my life, my all, I again 
dedicate my whole self to You. Accept me, and 
grant, O gracious Father, that ere this year is 
gone I may finish my task. In Jesus' name I 
ask it. Amen. So let it be. David Living- 
stone." And on his last birthday he wrote : "Let 
not Satan prevail over me, O my good Lord 
Jesus." His dead body was found "in the atti- 
tude of prayer. 



148 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Answers to Prayer 

Perhaps a greater influence than accounts of 
prayer life are those of answered prayer. Arthur 
T. Pierson says: "Every missionary biography, 
from those of Eliot and Edwards, Brainerd and 
Craig, down to Livingstone and Burns, Hudson 
Taylor and John E. Clough, tells the same story 
of answered prayer." 

1. Two thrilling stories, each containing direct 
answer to prayer, will be found in the first chap- 
ter of In the Tiger Inngle. The Scripture 
quotation, "Lo, I am with you always," might 
be the outstanding feature of the story as it was 
of the missionary's experience. 

2. The success of Pastor Gossner's mission- 
ary work is explained by a sentence from the ad- 
dress read at his funeral. "He prayed up the 
walls of a hospital and the hearts of the nurses ; 
he prayed missions into being and missionaries 
into faith ; he prayed open the hearts of the rich 
and gold from the most distant lands." He sent 
out into the foreign field during his lifetime 144 
missionaries, and never had at any time less 
than twenty missionaries depending upon him for 
support. 



ANSWERS TO PRAYER 149 

3. Eliza Agnew, "the Mother of Ceylon," in 
connection with her work, it is said, won fully a 
thousand girls who attended the Oodooville Girls' 
School to become Christians. It was her habit 
to pray definitely for these girls by name each 
week. 

4. In the life of John Kenneth Mackenzie, the 
great medical missionary to China, will be found 
a chapter entitled "The Power of Prayer." The 
story tells how Dr. Mackenzie's work was pros- 
pered for a time through winning the confidence 
of Li Hung Chang, the great Chinese statesman. 
Toward the close, he says : "I do indeed believe 
in prayer. I am forced to believe in it and to 
say from practical experience I am sure that God 
does hear and answer prayer." 

5. In connection with J. Hudson Taylor's work 
in the China Inland Mission there are some re- 
markable illustrations of answered prayer. One 
story, "A Breeze from God," tells how he was 
saved from shipwreck among cannibals by God's 
answer to prayer for wind. Again, the story of 
that wonderful answer to prayer when one hun- 
dred missionaries were secured in a single year 
shows the marvelous possibility in prayer. ^ 



150 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Testimonies Concerning Prayer 

The following quotations may be used as mot- 
toes, as verses to be copied on cards, or as texts 
for talks on prayer : 

"The History of Missions is the History of 
Prayer," from John R. Mott, may be used to 
show the place which prayer has had in the de- 
velopment of early Christianity and its present 
status throughout the world. 

"Thank God for bairns' prayers. I like best 
the prayers of children," the words of James 
Chalmers, may be used as the basis for a talk on 
the part which children may have in the world's 
evangelization. 

"Prayer and pains through faith in Jesus 
Christ will do anything," by John Eliot, may be 
explained and illustrated by stories from his own 
life. 

"Every element in the missionary problem de- 
pends for its solution upon prayer," by Robert 
E. Speer, will give ample opportunity for show- 
ing the relation of prayer to all the phases of 
missionary work. 

"Let us advance upon our knees," the words 
of Joseph Hardy Neesima, may contain a beau- 



DEVOTIONAL HYMNS AND POEMS 151 

tiful lesson by having a gifted story teller relate 
interesting stories of his life. 

Hymns and Poems 

In connection with exercises on prayer, hymns 
having a prayer theme may have their truth and 
beauty explained and then be sung as solos or by 
the school. Quotations on prayer from the poets 
will help to enforce the place which prayer holds 
in the thought of men and women of culture. 
Many apt quotations may be found in the works 
of the best known poets. 

"But there's a power which man can wield 

When mortal aid is vain . . . 
That power is prayer." 

Heber. 

More things are wrought by prayer 
Than this world dreams of . . . 
For so the whole round world is everyway- 
Bound by gold chains about the feet of God." 

Tennyson. 

The following prayer was found on the fly-leaf 

of the Bible of a missionary who died in Africa: 

"a prayer" 

Laid on Thine altar, O my Lord divine, 
Accept this gift to-day for Jesus' sake. 
I have no jewels to adorn Thy shrine, 
Nor any world-famed sacrifice to make; 



152 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

But here I bring within my trembling hand 
This will of mine, O Lord, canst understand 
How when I yield Thee this I yield mine all. 

Hidden therein thy searching gaze can see 

Struggles of passion, visions of delight; 

All that I have, or am, or fain would be; 

Deep loves, fond hopes, and longings infinite. 

It hath been wet with tears and dimmed with sighs, 

Clenched in my grasp till beauty hath it none ! 

Now from Thy footstool, where it vanquished lies, 

The prayer ascendeth — may Thy will be done! 

Take it, O Father, ere my courage fail, 
And merge it so in Thine own will that e'en 
If in some desperate hour my cries prevail, 
And Thou give back my gift, it may have been 
So changed, so purified, so fair have grown, 
So one with Thee, so filled with peace divine, 
I may not know or feel it as mine own, 
But gaining back my will may find it Thine. 



CHAPTER XI 

PRACTICAL MISSIONARY WORK 

It has been said that the elements of feeling 
and action are at least two thirds of religion. 1 
Where an interest in missions is created, the 
ratio 01 elements will follow a similar law. In 
addition, the assertion might be ventured that 
one of the first desires accompanying feeling is 
for action, and that following the doing of some 
deed helpful to humanity the feeling will be in- 
tensified. Activity and interest, inaction and in- 
difference, show the two tendencies. The law of 
growth is in the doing. Not only will an untold 
amount of good be done to the recipients of 
worthy deeds, but the young should be urged to 
give diligent service, for those who give most to 
Christ get most from Christ and become most 
like Christ. 

The practical work which the Sunday-school 
may engage in naturally falls into three divisions : 
that in connection with church and the Sunday- 
school, home, and foreign missions. The work 
assigned to different individuals or classes should 
be suited to their temperament and disposition to 
1 C. W. Rishell, The Child as God's Child, 99. 



154 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

insure the largest success. The spirit of service 
should be that of humility. On the other hand, 
it will be desirable to inform the school as to the 
kind of practical work done and the results ob- 
tained. Such knowledge will provide added in- 
spiration. 

The Church and Sunday School 

The first service rendered might be the work 
of actually increasing the efficiency of the Sun- 
day-school itself. The solicitation of new Sun- 
day-school scholars and searching for absentees 
may be utilized as one means. In the Washing- 
ton Street Congregational Sunday-school, To- 
ledo, Ohio, the boys are organized into the Boys' 
Messenger Service. 1 Again, the children may 
distribute announcements of church and Sun- 
day-school services, Bibles, literature, and 
similar material. The Sunday-school affords 
one of the best opportunities for doing personal 
work among its members and others, and 
the scholars may well be trained in this kind 
of service. Visiting the sick, caring for children, 
entertaining the afflicted, visiting homes for aged 

1 Marion Lawrance, How to Conduct the Sunday 
School. Chapter XXI. 



PRACTICAL WORK SUGGESTED 155 

people and other institutions, such as orphanages, 
hospital work, including the distribution of flow- 
ers, reading to convalescents, amusing convales- 
cent children, and helping in evangelistic meet- 
ings provide other means of service. Helping the 
poor by providing food and clothing and supply- 
ing other needs will be acceptable to many. Some 
Sunday-schools provide Thanksgiving and 
Christmas dinners. In a number of Sunday- 
schools the idea of the Christmas tree has been 
entirely changed. Now there are brought by 
teachers and scholars gifts for the poor, includ- 
ing toys and other suitable presents for the 
children ; also gifts for the home of a more prac- 
tical nature, such as tea, coffee, and money for 
the purchase of coal and the like. At such times 
appropriate exercises, consisting of music, reci- 
tations, and missionary addresses are given for 
the benefit of the scholars. Some of the older 
scholars and teachers work in mission Sunday- 
schools, city missions, settlements, and meetings 
which call for special volunteer helpers. Some 
large city churches maintain a mission church, 
chapel, or Sunday-school, which is fostered en- 
tirely by the mother church, thus giving its mem- 
bers an opportunity for service. 



156 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Packing Boxes for Home Missionaries 1 

Only those who have visited home missions 
can realize the true value of practical deeds of 
service which the Sunday-schools of the church 
have rendered. A Sunday-school can learn of 
such a need from a home missionary worker 
whom they may support ; some missionary whom 
they may know; or directly by writing to the 
Secretary of their denominational Home Mission 
Board. The needs of the field should be thor- 
oughly understood, and all gifts sent should be 
both serviceable and practical. In nearly every in- 
stance, service rendered to the home missionaries 
will consist of a home mission box. Such a box 
should be prepared with care. It may include 
wearing apparel, table linen, bedding, towels, and 
a number of those things which will help to make 
a home cheerful, such as curtains, cushions, ma- 
terial for covering windows and worn furniture, 
light stuff for draping home-made furniture, 
covers for tables, and dainty china. A roll of 
rag carpet and rugs are often welcome. It is 
sometimes customary to pin bank bills in some of 

1 Before preparing a box, correspond with the Sec- 
retary of your Mission Board or Society for detailed 
instructions regarding the contents, packing, and ship- 
ment of boxes. 



PACKING MISSIONARY BOXES 157 

the garments. For the children there should be 
toys, good story-books, dolls, and games. Back 
numbers of magazines and periodicals, or regu- 
lar subscriptions make desirable gifts. The sug- 
gestion is offered that one or more classes provide 
a number of books, magazine subscriptions, and 
games for some distant mission post, where they 
will be the means of entertaining and interesting 
the children and young people in the church. 
Many ministers who are serving home mission 
churches on the frontier have charge of from two 
to five appointments. It is necessary that such 
men keep either a saddle horse or a horse and 
buggy which they must provide and care for out 
of their meager salaries. Sometimes, classes of 
boys provide money for this purpose. In the home 
missionary schools of the South, where it is often 
a problem to provide clothing for students too 
poor to buy it themselves, second-hand shoes and 
garments of all kinds, too much worn to be sent 
jd a home missionary family, are welcome. 

Packing Boxes for Foreign Missionaries. 

The foreign mission box should not be packed 
before communicating with the Secretary of 



158 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

your denominational Mission Board or Society, 
from whom in nearly ever case a list of articles 
needed in the field may be obtained. Unless 
great care is taken the cost of transportation 
and duty will exceed the value of the 
gift. Miss Brain, after corresponding with a 
number of boards, suggests the following ar- 
ticles for use in all fields: Small work bags, 
needles, pins, needle-books, thimbles, scissors, 
spool cotton, lead and slate pencils, pens, 
erasers, crayons, small note-books, writing pads, 
Christmas tree decorations, balls, marbles, tops, 
knives, mouth organs, remnants of bright calico 
or other material two or three yards in length, 
cut and basted patchwork four or five inches 
square for teaching children to sew, handker- 
chiefs, towels, combs, brushes, and cakes of soap 
each wrapped in a wash cloth. Dolls, especially 
dark complexioned ones, are in universal de- 
mand. Picture cards of all kinds can be used in 
unlimited quantities. Children are attracted to 
street Sunday-schools as well as to the organized 
schools by means of these cards. As in the case 
of the home missionaries the latest books and 
subscriptions to leading magazines and denomi- 
national papers are always acceptable. 



CHAPTER XII 

SUNDAY SCHOOL CONVENTION PROGRAMS 

The twentieth century is being ushered in as 
the convention age. Some are of the opinion that 
the day of large conventions is past, but regard- 
less of this it is true that they are increasing both 
in number and size. The programs of these as- 
semblies are changing their form, and in many 
cases, in place of a complete program of inspira- 
tional addresses, time is given to conference on 
methods and to practical suggestions. In the 
Sunday-school field such gatherings are of ines- 
timable value, and the leaders of Sunday-school 
work should take advantage of the local, group, 
county, district, and state, denominational and 
interdenominational, national and international, 
conventions and institutes for the missionary 
training of their forces. Upon the character of 
the gathering will depend the amount of time 
which may be given to missionary subjects and 
to the method of their presentation. 

/. Inspirational Addresses 

As a rule program committees are finding it 
advantageous to have one or more general ad- 



160 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

dresses on the subject of missions, usually in con- 
nection with an evening program. The following 
topics are suggested as appropriate for such ad- 
dresses : 

"The Sunday-school and World Evangel- 
ism." 

"The Missionary Uprising of the Young 
People." 

"To-Day's Greatest Enterprise — the Con- 
quest of the World." 

"Mission Study : Its Place and Power in the 
Lives of Young People." 

"Prayer and Missions." 

In World-Wide Evangelization the report of 
the Student Volunteer Convention, 1902 (pp. 
656-666), will be found outlines for more than 
a dozen strong missionary addresses principally 
on missionary countries with references to the 
pages in the report and other bibliography. 
Other material for use in preparing these ad- 
dresses may be obtained by writing to the secre- 
taries of the various denominational missionary 
boards, or societies, 



CONVENTION CONFERENCES 161 

II. Conferences on Methods of Work 

An hour or more is generally set aside for 
conferences or discussions of practical methods 
of work. These should be led by some person 
who has familiarized himself thoroughly with 
the plans to be presented. The time of mission- 
ary exhortation is largely past, and leaders are 
now seeking for definite knowledge as to how 
the work which is proposed may be successfully 
carried out. The leader of a conference gener- 
ally presents an outline of the subject under con- 
sideration and in connection with the main points 
presented, calls on the members of the conference 
to contribute to the interest and profit of the 
occasion by asking questions or by giving sug- 
gestions as the result of experience. It is well 
for the leader to see that one or more persons 
are prepared to lead in the general discussions. 
For conventions, one or more of the following 
subjects outlined will probably be sufficient, but 
in the case of an institute or summer assembly 
at least one hour each day may be given to as 
many topics. In addition to the subjects out- 
lined, a Mission Study class having at least two 
or three sessions will be of great value. General 



162 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

sources of information relating to these subjects 
are: Holding the Ropes, by Belle M. Brain, and 
the chapters of this book. For these subjects also 
additional information may be obtained by writ- 
ing to the secretaries of the denominational mis- 
sionary boards. 

Missions in the Sunday School 

Time, sixty minutes 

1. Organization. 

Sunday-school Missionary Society. 
Sunday-school Missionary Committee. 
Relation to Sunday-school organization. 

2. Monthly Missionary Program. 

Purpose. 

Methods of presentation. 
Preparation of program. 
Sources of material. 

3. Mission Study. 

Value. 

Relation to the regular work. 

Courses available. 

Helps for leaders. 



DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMS 163 

4. Missionary Library. 

Libraries available. 
How to secure. 
How to circulate. 

5. Prayer. 

Importance of prayer. 

How to cultivate habits of prayer. 

6. Giving. 

Scriptural habits. 
Financial policy. 

Note. — This conference will cover the general 
subject in one hour. Detailed outlines and 
references will be found in the four subjects 
following. 

Monthly Missionary Program 
Time, sixty minutes 
1. Purpose. 

To interest the entire membership in mis- 
sions. 
To aid in establishing a missionary church. 
To supplement Bible teaching with the new 
"Acts of the Apostles." 



164 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

To create intelligence and thereby increase 
offerings to missions. 

To increase the volume of definite, interces- 
sory prayer. 

2. Nature of the program. 

Scripture. 

Song. 

Prayer. 

Biography of missionaries. 

Descriptions of mission work. 

Stories of native Christians. 

Survey of the world field. 

Constructive work by classes. 

3. Preparation. 

Leader. 

Appointed at least four weeks in advance. 

Preparation begun at once. 

Program definitely outlined. 
Other helpers. 

Several participants. 

Definite topics assigned. 

Talks preferable to papers. 

Time limit on talks. 
Recitations and songs by children. 
Map and chart exercises. 



MISSIONARY EDUCATION 165 

4. Sources of material. 

Special missionary programs and mission- 
ary booklets and leaflets published by de- 
nominational missionary boards. 

Missionary magazines. 

Reports of missionary societies. 

Missionary libraries. 

Mission Study 
Time, sixty minutes 

1. Value of Mission Study. 

Systematic study necessary to proper com- 
prehension of the enterprise. 

Relation of missions to world movements. 

Conception of Christianity broadened. 

Intellectual culture afforded. 

General enthusiasm for missions created. 

Permanent interest in missions aroused. 

Activity developed at home. 

Gifts to missions enlarged. 

Prayer for the missionary enterprise in- 
creased. 

Spiritual life deepened. 

Life purposes changed. 



166 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

2. Place in Sunday School. 

Bible classes for young men and women. 

Senior department as a whole in small 
schools. 

Independent or private classes. 

Teachers and officers for equipment. 

Normal department for training new teach- 
ers. 

3. Relation to the regular work. 

Length of courses, eight weeks. 

Classes conducted during Sunday-school 

session. 
Classes conducted at other times in the 

church or around the dining table in some 

private home. 
Classes to meet weekly, semi-weekly, or 

monthly. 

4. Courses available. 

Forward Mission Study Courses. 

(1) "The Price of Africa" (biographical). 

(2) "Princely Men in the Heavenly King- 

dom" (China, biographical). 

(3) "Sunrise in the Sunrise Kingdom" 

(Japan). 



COURSES AND HELPS 167 

(4)' 'Heroes of the Cross in America" (bio- 
graphical). 

(5) "Daybreak in the Dark Continent" 

(Africa). 

(6) "Child Life in Mission Lands" (for 

Juniors, biographical). 

5. Special Helps for the Courses. 

Suggestions for the leaders for each lesson. 

Reference library for the Course studied. 

Mission booklets and leaflets on the coun- 
tries. 

Magazines, Annual Report of the Mission- 
ary Board or Society, leaflets, etc. 

Correspondence with the Secretary of the 
denominational Mission Board or Society. 

6. Essentials of success. 

Prayer. 

Division of responsibility among members. 

Faith and determination to succeed. 

Missionary Libraries 
Time, thirty minutes. 

1. Missionary books essential. 
To permanent interest. 
To thorough educational work. 



168 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

2. Missionary books interesting. 

Fascinating biographies. 
Heroism and adventure. 
Interesting stories. 

3. Libraries available. 

Campaign Library No. 2. 

Special' Reference Libraries Nos. 2, 3, and 4. 

4. Character of libraries. 

Campaign, for general reading. 

Reference, for use in Mission Study Classes. 

5. How to secure and circulate the libraries. 

(See chapter, "The Missionary Library," in 
this book and consult Holding the Ropes.) 

Scriptural Habits of Giving 
Time, thirty minutes 

1. Characteristics of Scriptural giving. 

Systematic, 1 Cor. xvi. 2. 
Proportionate, 1 Cor. xvi. 2. 
Cheerful, 2 Cor. ix. 7. 



SCRIPTURAL HABITS OF GIVING 169 

2. The Tithe. 

What constitutes the tithe. 

Its relation to the Old Testament dispensa- 
tion. Without reference to the local char- 
acter of the tithe we cannot under grace 
afford to do less than was done by the 
Jew under the Law, especially since we 
have a world to bring to Christ, whereas 
the Jew simply preserved the faith in his 
own race. 

3. Stewardship. 

Its meaning. 
Its relation to tithing. 

The New Testament teaching with regard 
to it. 

4. Methods for the Sunday School. 

Education. 

Bible study on giving. 

Programs (once a year). 

Literature. 
Financial policy. 

System of collecting the money. 

Use of the money. 



170 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

5. Available literature. 

The Victory of Mary Christopher, Calkins. 

Convention Reports, {World-Wide Evan- 
gelization, the report of the Student Vol- 
unteer Convention). 

Leaflets published by the Missionary So- 
cieties. Leaflets published by the Student 
Volunteer Movement, 3 West Twenty- 
ninth Street, New York City. 

Missionary Exhibits 

That missionary exhibits have been successful 
is not strange when we remember that scientists 
tell us that more knowledge is received through 
the eye-gate than through the ear-gate. It has 
been stated that over eighty per cent, of the in- 
formation that comes to us comes through the 
eye. A convention well equipped for work has 
a good exhibit of the helpful and attractive ma- 
terial available for missionary instruction. Mis- 
sionary exhibits have been used in connection 
with missionary conventions for several years, 
and there is an increasing demand for missionary 
sections in the exhibits of Sunday-school conven- 
tions. 



CALL FOR MISSIONARY EXHIBITS 171 

For the larger conventions special exhibits may 
be obtained as a loan in most cases from some 
of the leading missionary societies. For local 
rallies and smaller conventions exhibits may be 
made by local workers from material which will 
be sent free of charge from the denominational 
missionary boards. As a rule the Sunday-school 
room or some room adjoining the church audi- 
torium is set aside for exhibit purposes, being 
neatly decorated with flags, banners, and the like. 
Around the walls of the room, on chairs or on 
skeleton forms made for the purpose, are placed 
large sheets of cardboard, upon which is mounted 
the literature classified as "Sunday School and 
Missions," "Prayer and Missions," "Mission 
Study," "Systematic Giving," or other divisions. 

It will at once be seen that here is an oppor- 
tunity for the workers to make a careful study 
of the literature available for the various depart- 
ments of the work. 

Sometimes curios obtained by loan or other- 
wise are placed on tables in the center of the 
room with a missionary or some other competent 
person to explain them and to call attention to 
the missionary work represented. The exhibit 
will be of little value to the person who gives it 



172 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

a casual glance. It is well to set aside an hour of 
the convention time for special exercises in the 
exhibit room, in order that the delegates and visi- 
tors may understand the value of the exhibit and 
make a careful study of its special features. 

The following general suggestions are made 
concerning what may be called an ideal exhibit 
for most conventions. Exhibits may be larger or 
smaller, as occasion may require. It is of course 
somewhat expensive to prepare an exhibit in the 
way suggested below, but when it is once pre- 
pared it becomes a permanent missionary asset. 

Composition 

The exhibit may be composed of at least five 
departments. 

1. Books and Literature. — Missionary soci- 
eties and publishing houses are furnishing in in- 
creasing quantities very attractive and valuable 
literature, a complete assortment of which should 
form one of the principal features of the exhibit. 
When such literature is carefully classified and 
mounted according to the suggestions which are 
given, it will at least attract the attention of the 



COMPOSITION OF EXHIBITS 173 

delegates to the material which is available for 
use. 

2. Maps, Charts, and Mottoes. — A map of the 
world should have a prominent place in every 
exhibit room. 

Charts giving striking comparisons appeal to 
the eye. It is difficult to compare figures in a 
statement or in an address in such a way as to 
leave a lasting impression, but this can easily be 
done by the display of diagrams. 

The mottoes, "Not by might, nor by power, but 
by my Spirit, saith Jehovah of hosts ;" "Any- 
where, provided it be forward," the heroic ex- 
pression of David Livingstone ; "The Evangeli- 
zation of the world in this generation," the key- 
note of present-day missionary activity, have 
been used with great success. 

3. Pictures. — Pictures are also an important 
feature, among which are the Perry, the Brown, 
the Orient, the Cosmos, and the United Study 
pictures. (See Appendix C.) These should be 
mounted on cardboard as suggested below. 

4. Special Work of Study Classes and Mis- 
sionary Committees, — A large amount of inter- 



174 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

esting work, consisting of drawing, map making, 
and collecting material which is both valuable 
and interesting, has been done by a large number 
of mission study classes in the young people's 
societies during the past few years. This material 
as shown in missionary exhibits of the past has 
had a stimulating influence in extending the 
work. A large amount of such material will 
doubtless be available through the aggressive 
work which the Sunday-schools will do, and it 
will form a valuable addition to the exhibit. 

5. Curios. — Curios are not absolutely neces- 
sary to the missionary exhibit, but they are al- 
ways a great attraction and if a proper assort- 
ment can be secured they give valuable informa- 
tion concerning the different countries. The 
curios, however, should not be given such promi- 
nence that they will detract from the main pur- 
pose of the exhibit. 

Preparation 

An exhibit will not be effective unless the ma- 
terial is carefully classified and effectively dis- 
played. The suggestions given are the result of 
several years' experience in exhibit work. 



PREPARATION OF EXHIBITS 175 

1. Materials for mounting. — Cardboard. — It 
has been found desirable to mount material on 
ten-ply mounting board, 24 x 36 inches, Scotch 
gray in color. It may be obtained from dealers in 
photographic supplies, or from Fremont Pen- 
noyer, 545 West Twenty-second Street, New 
York City, for eight cents per card, express or 
freight extra. 

Letters. — Gummed letters make the neatest 
head-lines for the top of the cards. Those most 
commonly used are white, one and one-half 
inches for capitals and one inch for case letters. 
A free catalogue containing a complete line of 
supplies will be furnished by the Tablet and 
Ticket Company, Chicago or New York. 

Fasteners. — Brass-headed fasteners are best 
adapted to attaching the material to the mounting 
boards. McGill fasteners, wire shanks No. 3, 
sixty cents per box of two hundred, postpaid, 
sold by Holmes, Booth, and Hydens, 37 Park 
Place, New York City, and elsewhere, are the 
best fasteners available. 

2. Suggestions for mounting. — The literature 
to be mounted should be arranged under general 
heads which will be self-explanatory, the amount 



176 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

of material on each card being limited to avoid 
confusion. The head-lines should be at least 
three inches from the top. The leaflets and books 
should be mounted with a downward slant so that 
they will remain closed, and all the literature 
arranged to produce a pleasing effect. 

Displaying the Exhibit 

1. Exhibit room. — A light room in the conven- 
tion building, or the nearest convenient place to 
the convention auditorium, should be obtained 
for the exhibit. It is often advantageous to make 
the exhibit room a sort of headquarters for the 
registration of delegates, rest room, and the con- 
vention post-office. 

2. Arrangement. — The material constituting 
the exhibit should be arranged according to gen- 
eral subjects, all the cards and other material re- 
lating to each subject being grouped together. 
Tables should be provided for curios, free litera- 
ture., and books that are on sale, 



APPENDIXES 



APPENDIX A 

THE INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY SCHOOL CON- 
VENTION AND MISSIONS 

At the International Convention in Toronto, June, 
1905, the Sunday-school Editorial Committee recom- 
mended the following points of policy : 

I. That the Sunday-school papers of the country 
bring before the attention of the Christian public the 
great field of Sunday-school work as the natural and 
logical place for instruction in home and foreign mis- 
sions. 

II. That the question of missions in the Sunday- 
school be given a place on the programs of all mission- 
ary institute conventions and Summer schools wherever 
possible throughout the country. 

III. That the aid of the Sunday-school boards and 
the societies of the various denominations be enlisted in 
a systematic effort to bring before every Sunday-school 
superintendent in the country the possibility, practica- 
bility, and necessity of the study of missions in the Sun- 
day-school. 

IV. That courses of instruction be prepared in both 
home and foreign missions, aimed to instruct and inter- 
est the scholars and to lead them to some definite mis- 
sionary activity. 

V. That this missionary instruction be made a part 
of the regular supplemental work in every school, un- 
less otherwise adequately provided for. 



180 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

VI. That suitable and inexpensive books be pre- 
pared in different grades, which shall be put in the 
hands of every pupil, so that thorough home prepara- 
tion be made possible. 

Resolved, That we request the Convention to direct 
the Lesson Committee to arrange for two missionary 
lessons, two temperance lessons, and two other optional 
temperance lessons for each year; the missionary lessons 
to be taken, so far as possible, in the regular course of 
consecutive Bible study, and which shall be specially 
adapted to and designed for missionary teaching. 



APPENDIX B 

MISSION STUDY COURSES 

The Forward Mission Study Courses projected less 
than four years ago have now been adopted in the young 
people's work of practically all Mission Boards. Each 
year the sales have increased until this year two edi- 
tions of Daybreak in the Dark Continent have reached 
60,000 copies. The Mission Study text-books can be 
ordered of the Secretaries of the Denominational Mis- 
sion Boards or Societies, or of the Young People's 
Missionary Movement, 156 Fifth avenue, New York 
City. 

The Price of Africa — Biographical. Taylor. Paper, 

prepaid, 42 cents; cloth, prepaid, 58 cents. 
Princely Men in the Heavenly Kingdom (China) — 

Biographical. Beach. Paper, prepaid, 42 cents; 

cloth, prepaid, 58 cents. 
Sunrise in the Sunrise Kingdom (Japan). DeForest. 

Paper, prepaid, 42 cents; cloth, prepaid, 58 cents. 
Heroes of the Cross in America — Biographical. Shel- 

ton. Paper, prepaid, 42 cents; cloth, prepaid, 58 

cents. 
Daybreak in the Dark Continent (Africa). Naylor. 

Paper, prepaid, 42 cents ; cloth, prepaid, 58 cents. 

MISSION STUDY COURSES FOR JUNIORS 

Child Life in Mission Lands — Biographical. Diffendor- 

fer. Cloth, prepaid, 55 cents. 
Japan for Juniors. Crowell. Paper, prepaid, 20 cents. 
China for Juniors. Crowell. Paper, prepaid, 20 cents. 



182 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Alaska for Juniors. Crowell. Paper, prepaid, 25 cents. 

Africa for Juniors. Crowell. Paper, prepaid, 25 cents; 
cloth, prepaid, 35 cents. 

Coming Americans, for Juniors. Crowell. Paper, pre- 
paid, 25 cents; cloth, prepaid, 35 cents. 

SPECIAL REFERENCE LIBRARIES 

Four Special Reference Libraries have been published 
by the Young People's Missionary Movement, 156 
Fifth avenue, New York City. The volumes in these 
libraries are used for regular reference in the Helps for 
Leaders of mission study classes. The list price of each 
of the libraries is over $10, but the}' are sold in uniform 
binding at $5 each, carriage extra. In each case money 
must accompany the order. (The supply of Special 
Reference Library No. 1, which related to China, is 
exhausted.) 

SPECIAL REFERENCE LIBRARY No. 2 

(Japan) 

Japanese Girls and Women Bacon 

Japan and Its Regeneration Cary 

A Handbook of Modern Japan Clement 

A Maker of the New Japan (Neesima) Davis 

A Maker of the New Orient (Brown) Griffis 

Dux Christus Griffis 

Evolution of the Japanese Gulick 

Japan : Country, Court, and People Newton 

The Gist of Japan Peery 

SPECIAL REFERENCE LIBRARY No. 3 

(Home Missions) 

The New Era in the Philippines Brown 

Leavening the Nation Clark 



SPECIAL REFERENCE LIBRARIES 183 

Those Black Diamond Men Gibbons 

The Louisiana Purchase Hitchcock 

The Burden of the City Horton 

Our People of Foreign Speech McLanahan 

Marcus Whitman Mowry 

The Minute Man on the Frontier Puddefoot 

Memoirs of David Brainerd Sherwood 

Our Country Strong 

SPECIAL REFERENCE LIBRARY No. 4 

Africa 

Tropical Africa Drummond 

Daybreak in Livingstonia Jack 

Fetichism in West Africa Nassau 

The Redemption of Africa, 2 vols Noble 

Christus Liberator Parsons 

Dawn in the Dark Continent Stewart 

The Price of Africa Taylor 

MISSIONARY BOOKS FOR THE SUNDAY- 
SCHOOL LIBRARY 

The following list of books, beginning with Missionary 
Campaign Library No. 2, has been prepared to guide 
missionary workers in selecting suitable books for the 
Sunday-school library. The list has been carefully ex- 
amined by a number of capable persons who are inter- 
ested in missionary work among children and young 
people. 

All the books in this list will be sent, at the prices in- 
dicated, by the Young People's Missionary Movement, 
156 Fifth avenue, New York City, or they may be ob- 
tained through any publishing house or through mission- 
ary boards that deal in missionary literature. The prices 
quoted are revised to April 1, 1906, 



184 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

'MISSIONARY CAMPAIGN LIBRARY NO. 2 

Containing 20 volumes, list price over $20, but sold in 

uniform binding at $10, carriage extra. 
Foreign Missions in the Protestant Churches . .Baldwin 
Protestant Missions in South America. .Beach and others 

Izilda Barnes 

The Cobra's Den Chamberlain 

Black Rock Connor 

Korean Sketches Gale 

Eminent Missionary Women Gracey 

Verbeck of Japan Griffis 

Pilkington of Uganda Harford-Battersby 

Within the Purdah Hopkins 

A Lone Woman in Africa McAllister 

Picket Line of Missions McDowell and others 

The Bishop's Conversion Maxwell 

The Evangelization of the World in this Generation.. 

Mott 

China and the Chinese Nevius 

The Cry Heard Price 

The Minute Man on the Frontier Puddefoot 

Kin-da-Shon's Wife Willard 

Medical Missions Williamson 

By Canoe and Dog Train Young 

GENERAL 

Prepaid 

Seven Little Sisters. Andrews $ .55 

The Great Big World. Batty 36 

Her Twenty Heathen. Bamford. Paper, 25 cents; 

cloth 50 

Fifty Missionary Stories. Brain 60 

A Junior's Experience, in Mission Lands. Comegys. .43 

Boys and Boys. C. M. S 24 

Girls and Girls. C. M. S 24 



SUNDAY SCHOOL BOOK LIST 185 

Autobiography of a Missionary Box. C. M. S 24 

Child Life in Mission Lands. Diffendorfer 55 

Forts of Darkness and Soldiers of Light. Gollock. 

Paper, 28 cents ; cloth 48 

Child Life in Our Mission Fields. Lambuth & 

Harlan 86 

Me First. Markham... 24 

Picket Line of Missions. McDowell and others 60 

Twelve Little Pilgrims Who Stayed at Home. 

Scott 1.00 

Twice Around the World. Twing. Paper, 50 cents; 

cloth 1.00 

Child Life in Many Lands. Trumbull 1.00 



AFRICA 

The Weaver Boy Who Became a Missionary. 

Adams 1.00 

Children of the Kalahari. Barnes 85 

By the Rivers of Africa. Butler 60 

A Doctor and His Dog in Uganda. Cook 44 

The Lion-Hearted. Dawson 36 

Life of Mackay. Fahs. Paper, 35 cents; cloth... .50 

On the Borders of Pigmy Land. Fisher 1.25 

Sign of the Cross in Madagascar. Fletcher 1.00 

River, Sand, and Sun. Gollock 86 

The Story of David Livingstone. Gregory 26 

Through My Spectacles in Uganda. Hall. Paper, 

28 cents; cloth 48 

Pilkington of Uganda. Harford-Battersby 1.50 

Sketches from the Dark Continent. Hotchkiss.... 1.00 

The Story of Mackay of Uganda. Harrison 1.00 

Rivers of Water in a Dry Place. Moffatt 56 

Samuel Crowther (The slave boy who became 

Bishop). Page 75 



186 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

AMERICA 

Recollections of a Home Missionary. Brady 1.34 

Two Wilderness Voyagers. Calkins 1.50 

Black Rock. Connor 1.25 

Glengarry School Days. Connor 1.25 

Sky Pilot. Connor 1.25 

The Prospector. Connor 1.50 

Blazing the Way. VanDusen 1.00 

Indian Boyhood. Eastman 1.74 

A Chinese Quaker. Eastman 1.50 

Pomiuk. Forbush 75 

The Harvest of the Sea. Grenfell 1.00 

By Order of the Prophet. Henry 1.50 

Ginset Kreider. Herrick 1.50 

Minute Man on the Frontier. Puddefoot 1.40 

Children of the Tenements. Riis 1.50 

Our Little Indian Cousin. Wade 60 

By Canoe and Dog Train. Young 1.25 

Oowikapun. Young 1.00 

The Apostle of the North. Young 1.25 

My Dogs in the Northland. Young 1.25 

Algonquin Indian Tales. Young 1.25 

Children of the Forest. Young 1.25 

ARABIA 
Topsy-Turvy Land. Zwemer 75 

BURMA 

Soo Thah. Bunker 1.00 

CHINA 

Tatong, The Little Slave. Barnes 1.25 

Home Life in China. Bryson 1.00 

Child Life in China. Bryson 60 



SUNDAY SCHOOL BOOK LIST 187 

The Chinaman As We See Him. Condit 1.50 

Chinese Slave Girl. Davis 68 

Choh Lin, The Chinese Boy Who Became a 

Preacher. Davis 85 

Chinese Boy and Girl. Davis 1.00 

The Young Mandarin. Davis 1.50 

In the Far East. Guinness 84 

Chinese Heroes. Headland 1.12 

Chinese Mother Goose. Headland 1.25 

Our Little Chinese Cousin. Headland 60 

James Gilmour and His Boys. Lovett 1.75 

Two Heroes of Cathay. Miner 1.00 

Tufts and Tales. Moule .24 

INDIA 

The Cobra's Den. Chamberlain 1.00 

In the Tiger Jungle. Chamberlain 1.00 

Mosaics from India. Denning 1.25 

Pandita Ramabai. Dyer 1.25 

The Child of the Ganges. Merrett 1.00 

Tom Ford, a British Boy in South India. Hick- 
ling 60 

Life of Mary Reed. Jackson 75 

The Bishop's Conversion. Maxwell 1.50 

Zeinab the Punjabi. Wherry 25 

ISLANDS 

Heroes of the South Seas. Banks 1.25 

Transformation of Hawaii. Brain 1.00 

Tamate, the Life Story of James Chalmers. 

Lovett 1.25 

Letters and Sketches from the New Hebrides. 

Paton 1.75 

The Story of John G. Paton. Paton 1.50 

Our Little Cuban Cousin. Wade 60 



188 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

Our Little Hawaiian Cousin. Wade 60 

Our Little Philippine Cousin. Wade 60 

Our Little Porto Rican Cousin. Wade 60 

JAPAN 

Japanese Girls and Women. Bacon 75 

All About Japan. Brain 1.00 

Hondu, the Samurai. Griffs 65 

Gist of Japan. Peery 1.25 

KOREA 

Everyday Life in Korea. Clifford 1.25 

Korean Sketches. Gale 1.00 

Fifteen Years Among the Topknots. Underwood.. 1.50 

With Tommy Tompkins in Korea. Underwood. . . . 1.25 

LATIN AMERICA 

Izilda. Barnes 1.00 

Mexican Ranch. Duggan 1.37 



APPENDIX C 

SUGGESTED HELPS FOR SUNDAY SCHOOL 
WORKERS 

Unless otherwise indicated address all correspond- 
ence regarding the material in this list to the Secretary 
of your denominational Missionary Board or Society, 
or to the Young People's Missionary Movement, 156 
Fifth avenue, New York City. 

MAGAZINES 

The use is recommended of denominational home and 
foreign missionary magazines, including those of the 
general societies, woman's societies, and children's 
papers. The following interdenominational publications 
will prove of special value : 

"The Missionary Review of the World," $2.50 per 
year. 

"The Intercollegian," (Organ of the Student Volun- 
teer Movement), 50 cents in advance. 

"The Christian City," (City evangelization), $1.00. 

"Bible Society Record," (Organ of the American 
Bible Society), 30 cents. 

BOOKLETS AND LEAFLETS 

"Young People and the World's Evangelization," by 
President John F. Goucher, 10 cents. 

"The Sunday-school and Missions," President John F. 
Goucher, 5 cents. 

"Helps for Leaders of Mission Study Classes," 10 
cents. 



190 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

MANUALS OF METHOD 

"The Blackboard in the Sunday School," Bailey, 75 
cents. 
"Fifty Missionary Programs," Brain, 35 cents. 
"Fuel for Missionary Fires," Brain, 35 cents. 
"Holding the Ropes," Brain, $1.00. 
"The Blackboard Class," Darnell, 25 cents. 
"How to Conduct a Sunday School," Lawrance, $1.25. 
"The Pastor and Modern Missions," Mott, $1.00. 
"Missionary Manual," Wells, 25 cents. 

LITERATURE ON GIVING 

"The New Testament Conception of the Disciple and 
His Money," Bosworth, 5 cents. 

"The Victory of Mary Christopher," Calkins, 25 
cents. 

"Stewardship," Cook, 20 cents. 

"Money : Its Nature and Power," Schauffler, 5 cents. 

"Higher Ideals of Christian Stewardship," Shelton, 
5 cents. 

"Money and the Kingdom," Strong, 5 cents. 

"Scriptural Habits of Giving," Taylor, 5 cents. 

Nearly every Missionary Board or Society issues lit- 
erature on Giving and Stewardship. 

LITERATURE ON PRAYER 

"Individual Prayer as a Working Force," Gregg, 60 
cents. 

"A Mighty Means of Usefulness," McClure, 50 cents. 

"Prayer," McConkey, 10 cents. 

"Bible Study for Spiritual Growth," Mott, 5 cents. 

"The Morning Watch," Mott, 5 cents. 

"With Christ in the School of Prayer," Murray, 2 
editions, 35 and 75 cents. 

"Prayer and Missions," Speer, 5 cents. 

"A Prayer," Passe-partout binding, 25 cents. 



MATERIAL FOR WORKERS 191 

MAPS 

A large missionary map of the world, and maps of 
countries showing the mission stations, will be found 
very useful. These can be procured through some of 
the Missionary Societies or Boards. 

Outline maps of India, China, Japan and Korea, and 
Africa, 28x32 inches, 15 cents each ; 40 cents for set of 
four. 

Small paper gummed maps of the world, 1^x2 inches, 
20 cents per hundred. 

CHARTS 

A series of six attractive wall charts, lithographed in 
colors, 36x44 inches in size, and printed on heavy paper. 
In unbroken sets of six, carefully packed in strong tubes 
for shipment, at the following prices per set, express 
charges prepaid : 

Style 1, Plain, unmounted $1.00 

Style 2, Edges bound with cloth . . 1.25 

Style 3, Tinned top and bottom, ready to hang 1.50 

Style 4, Edges bound with cloth, wood roller and 

molding top and bottom, ready to hang 2.00 

Styles 2 and 4 are especially recommended. 

FLAGS 

The largest flag manufacturers in America are Annin 
& Co., Corner Fulton and William Streets, New York 
City. A free catalogue will be sent upon application. 

GUMMED LETTERS 

White, black, and red gummed letters and figures in all 
sizes suitable for map and chart work may be secured 
from the Tablet and Ticket Company, 381 Broadway, 
New York City. Complete catalogue free. 



192 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 

PICTURES 

United Study Pictures on India, China, Japan, and 
Africa. They are very clear in all their details and 
large enough to make good representations for Sunday- 
school work in general. Sold in sets of twenty-four 
pictures, 25 cents; 50 sets, 20 cents each; 100 sets, 15 
cents each, prepaid. 

The Orient, Brown, Perry, and Cosmos pictures, will 
also be found desirable. 

A set of twelve pictures illustrating life and customs 
in Japan, 20 cents, prepaid. 

PROGRAMS 

A series of six home and foreign missionary pro- 
grams, published in booklet form, prepared especially 
to interest those under fifteen years of age, although 
they will be of interest to those who are older. De- 
tailed instruction for the leader are given with each 
program. 

The price of the programs with all of the accessories 
is 35 cents, prepaid. 

MISSIONARY OBJECT LESSON FOR JUNIORS 

A box of curios on Japan, containing model house 
with garden, dolls, chop sticks, writing brush, ink and 
paper, and the like, each box containing about twenty 
objects, accompanied by a manual with complete instruc- 
tions for the Sunday-school teacher, $1.25, prepaid. 

MITE-BOXES AND COLLECTION CARDS 

For various styles of collection cards, envelopes, mite- 
boxes, and other material designed for the collection of 
money, address inquiries to the Secretary of your de- 
nominational Missionary Society or Board, 



MATERIAL FOR WORKERS 193 

THE STEREOSCOPE AND STEREOPTICON 

These very valuable instruments of illustration are 
being used by a rapidly increasing number of Sunday- 
schools, and are recommended as being of special ser- 
vice in missionary instruction. Some missionary boards 
or societies loan stereopticon slides. The Christian 
Lantern Slide and Lecture Bureau, Ludington, Michi- 
gan, furnishes the use of slides with a written lecture 
at a moderate price. 

CORRESPONDENCE. 

Address all correspondence regarding any material 
mentioned in this manual to the Secretary of your Mis- 
sionary Society or Board or to the Young People's Mis- 
sionary Movement, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City. 



APPENDIX D 

CHART DIAGRAMS 



RELIGIOUS CENSUS OFTHE WORLD 

Total Population of the World(l905) 1.623.446.000 



JpHEIATHEN 

836.732,000 




&%&£?#*. 658.500 
PROTESTANTS.ISe.OBB^OO 



"The Field is the World* Mattxiii,32. 



Religious Census of the World 



CHART DIAGRAMS 



195 



II 



ALASKA 




M 

PHILIPPINES 



HAWAII 



b 



12.66^000 lndians,incfud/rtg Alaska 
/ 4 *00,000 Foreign 
speaking People 

543,000 Merman. l00000OMnmi 

2. 000. 000 Immigran ts 

100, 000 Submerged in Great Cities 
Miners 400,000 Highlanders 
an d 10.000, 000 Negro Race J 5 tax p 
'.umbermen - J y Jimi.- 



'UNITED 



7,000,000 
Filipinos 

154, OOO 
tiawaiians 



/, 000,000 
) Porto Ri cans 



ranee 
PORTO RICO 



QneVeafs Immigrants to the United 5tates.l904-5 



/tafian, ZZ6.3ZO 



Hebrew, J 2 9. 9 IP \ 



Polish. 102,43, 7 
6erman, ~\82,360 



MoNCOUC, I7,32J_ 

KELTIC 



124,218 



/£t/?/C, 213,801 



Scandin avian. 62, 284 

-7r7Th-\ S4.266 Tfliro frlC ,221,0 1 9 

5loi/a\ k, 52,368 \SLAVIC. 384,679 



Cro\atian and Sloven ia.n, 35,104 



Total of theTen Largest Race Subdivisions 841,844 
Our Home Mission Problem 



196 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 



III 



THE GREAT 
NON-CRISTIAN WORLD 

A 

727/5/ Non-Christian Population herejtven, 1,010,506,129 
Total Christian Population , 27,736,948. 



A 



r* — s 



7.332,0 ' 

62.0 



TURKISH EMPIRE /gfs 

fsVIs t908~~< 5 °%' ° °)^,NESE EMPIRE 

~ 'ZBL* +2S,+Z7,Z00 

...900,000 





SK 'ooo;$%pC£ANlA 
'*?''*&) '737 
il.038,659 
S47,034- 



$0) 



• MA LAY 51/^ 
! 1831 
: 37,996, 015 
\ 7.4-31.580 



The first figure for each country dates bejinnirg of Protestant Missions 
The Second • • • gives NorrChrisrian Population 

The third • • " Christian Population 



The Great Non-Christian World 



CHART DIAGRAMS 



197 



IV 



WIDOWHOOD AND CHILD MARRIAGE 
IN INDIA 







25, OO O ,000 




WIDOWS 




/N 




INDIA 





large Square Total Women in 
the United States, 37, 178,127(1900) 



2 27324$ 

Mam'ei 'vncfer Years 



391.147 



□ 

Widows under 15 Years 



India Womanhood 



198 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 



THE POPULATION OF CHINA 

Populalion of China proper(l90l) 4D7;337,305 
Letters in 114 Bibles only 406,578,720 




The Population of China 



CHART DIAGRAMS 



199 



VI 



s 
i 

A 
M 



THE KEY TO THE ORIENT 



C 
H 
I 

N 
A 

T 

I 

B 

E 
T 




CH MORGAN 



Japan the Key to the Orient 



200 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 



VII 



WORLD MISSION PROGRESS 

OAIN IN COMMUNICANTS 
IN THE FOREIGN FIELD 
SINCE 1800 (19~05 

'1892 



tt?i605 



'880 



j4 Book 



i 2 'o,9sr( <J of Remembrance 
ivas written for 
them that Feared 
Jeh ovah "Trial. Hi. 16. 



World Mission Progress 



CHART DIAGRAMS 



201 



VIII 



HOW AMERICANS 
SPEND THEIR MONEY 

(ANNUAL EXPENDITURES IN UNITED STATES) 

ForeiQ n M issions Chewing Gum M ill in en 

9 



& 



$7,5 0,000 



$11,000,000 



$80,000,000 
., Church /^^SSgf 5 *^ 



«%**<? Pi a* e 



$178,000,000 |ffl[|y n U.li-Oj 

$Z5Q,000,000 "^^ 

$700, 000,000 





Tobacco 

$750,000,000 



How Americans Spend Their Money 



202 MISSIONS IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOL 



IX 



THE EVANGELIZATION OF THE 
WORLD INTHIS GENERATION 



M 
E 
N 

E 
N 

U 
G 
H 



fBftOO Missionaries on/he Field 

50.000 Regufred to Evangelize 
th e World 

LOODAOO men engaged in 
><? War 




1.195 flOO in the Standing Ar- 
mies of the UnitedStates.Great 
Britain and Germans 




12.000.000. American. British, 
and German College Graduates 
of a Generation. 1-24 & would 
Evangelize the World 




M 
Q 
N 

E 
Y 

E 
N 

U 
G 
H 



t20.ODO.000 Income of For- 
eign Missionary Societies of 
the World 

$800,000,000 ArmyandNavy 
Expenditures of the United 
States. Great Britan andGer- 

m any „ 

$1,115,000,000 Cost to Oreat 
Bri tain of South African Wa r 

$196,207,000 Annual net In- 
crease in Wealth of Protestant 
Church Members of the United 
States over and above all Ex- 
oe nditures ' 

$25,000,000,000 Fotal Wealth 
of'heProtesant Church Mem 
bers of the United States 




POWER ENOUGH 



And Jesus came and spake unto them. saywg.AllPawetls Oiv 
En Unto Me in heaven and in earth. GaYeTherefDFe,and teach all na - 
tions, baptizing them in the name oftheFather.andafthe Son, 
and dnhetlolyGhost-.teathini them taobservealfthinjs wfiahaever 
I haife commanded youMd loJamWithyau always.even untothe end 



WE CAN DO IT IF WE WILL 



The Evangelization of the World in This Genera- 
tion 



INDEX. 

Adolescence 4, 18, 19 

Adventure, missionary 31 

Africa 31, 35, 36, 48, 50, 63, 83, 93, 94, 151 

Age for missionary reading 66 

Agnew, Eliza 3, 82, 149 

Albums for postcards and stamps 108 

America, illumined 49 

"America" 38 

American Baptist Missionary Union, The 19 

American Board, The 135 

Australia 135 

Benevolence, general 132 

Bible, 2, 37, 49, 61, 66, 97, 113, 147, 151 

A missionary book 6, 7 

Relation to prayer life 143, 144 

Study courses in • . 144 

Use of, in missionary exercises, 

27, 35-37, 48, 49, 71, 139, 141 

Biography, missionary 31, 32, 67 

Blackboard, the 30, 78, 89, 115 

Book review program 42, 76 

Boston Sunday School Union 122 

Boys 4, 19, 31, 33, 42, 64, 67, 72, 94, 95, 108, 117, 125, 133 

"Boys Messenger Service" 154 

Brain, Belle M 37, 135, 158 

Brainerd, David 146 

Calkins, Harvey Reeves 132 

Calvary Methodist Episcopal Sunday-school, New- 
York City 124 

Candles, used in illustrations 49,87 

Capen, Hon. Samuel B 122 

Carey, William 83, 113, 120 

Carlyle 67, 74 

Central Presbyterian Church, Orange, New Jersey. 28 

Chalk Talks 32, 51, 114-116 

Chalmers, James 3, 150 

Chamberlain, Jacob 3 

Charlemagne 113 



204 INDEX 

Charts, missionary ; .30, 32, 35, 95-99, 19i 

Designs 96-99 

Making 96, 99, 100, 102 

Child widows 48 

Childhood 2 

Children 2, 3, 13, 24, 34, 42, 65, 67 

Gifts of, for missionary ships 135 

Of foreign lands 36, 40, 48 

China 35, 48, 63, 93, 94, 95 

"Christian Lantern Slide and Lecture Bureau" . . 193 

Christian life 1 

Christianity 11 

Protestant 2, 3 

Christians, Native 32, 138, 142 

Church, The. 

A field for Sunday-school practical work.. 154, 155 

Gaged by its missionary spirit 5 

Membership largely from the Sunday-school.. 2, 4 

Should nurture the Sunday-schools 1 

Collection cards 192 

Colleges, mission study in 56 

Offerings for missions : n 59 

Conference of Presiding Elders 122 

Congregation, aiding toward library 69 

Constructive work 32 

Illustrations of 92, 93 

Suggested forms of 93-95 

Convention programs, 

Sunday-school 159-176 

Afford most valuable missionary opportunity.. 159 

Inspirational addresses 159, 160 

Methods of work conferences and programs 161-170 

Missionary exhibits with 170-176 

See also Exhibits. 

Conversion 1, 4, 5 

Converts 3 

Costumes 40, 50 

Cox, Melville B 137 

"Cradle Songs of Many Nations" ' 38 

Cressey, Mrs. F. G 49, 54 

Crests and coat-of-arms 109 

Curios 30, 32 50, 110, 174 

Box of, on Japan, with manual 46, 47, 192 



INDEX 205 

Current happenings in mission lands 42 

Customs, in foreign lands 46 

Dai Butsu 105 

Darnell, Florence H 115 

"David Williams," the 135 

"Dayspring," the 135 

Denning, Mrs 48 

Dennis, Dr. James S 39 

Denominational missionary conventions 24 

Dialogues 42 

Diffendorfer, R. E 40 

Dolls 109, 158 

Duff, Alexander 3, 103 

Easter offering. See Giving, missionary. 

Eliot, John 150 

England 135 

Envelopes 131, 192 

See also Giving, missionary. 
Evangelization of the world, means of travel and 

communication as agencies for 86 

Number needed for 9 

Place of Sunday-school in 1 

Possible through the young 4 

Prayer a means to 137 

Ewa school, Korea '. 3 

Exhibits, missionary 170-176 

Composition 172-174 

Displaying of 176 

Preparation of 174-176 

Fasteners 85, 175 

First Baptist Church, Wallingford, Connecticut, 

Sunday-school of 132 

First Methodist Episcopal Church Sunday-school, 

Decatur, Illinois 133 

First Methodist Episcopal Church Sunday-school, 

Montclair, New Jersey 30 

Fiske, Fidelia 3 

Five minute missionary talk or theme.. 17, 27, 28, 30 

Flags Ill, 191 

Small, with other designs, for making maps, 85, 89 
Foreign missions. See Missions, 



206 INDEX 

Gardiner, Captain Allen F 36, 146 

General public, often ready to aid toward mission- 
ary library 69 

Girls 4, 31, 33, 48, 64, 72, 125, 133 

Giving and Stewardship 16, 22 

Convention program on 168-170 

Literature on 131, 132, 170, 190 

Giving, missionary, by the Sunday-school 119-135 

Educating the Church of to-morrow 119 

Enlarged, if school is supported by church. 121-123 

Envelope system and results 53, 124, 125 

Great resources for, scarcely touched 119, 120 

In intermediate department 64 

In primary department 53, 55 

Increased by mission study 59, 60 

Inspires missionary consecration 121 

Instruction in 131, 132 

Notable illustrations 12, 120, 126-130, 133-135 

Plans for, during year and for Easter, 

123-130, 132-134 

To specific objects 134-135 

Use of envelopes, mite-boxes, and other form, 

124, 125, 130, 131 

Globe, in map work 90 

Gloria Dei Protestant Episcopal Church, Philadel- 
phia, Sunday-school of 134 

God, estimate of childhood 2 

Morning hour with 144 

Of the Christians 37 

Source of mission power 136 

Gods of the heathen 37 

Gossner, Pastor 148 

Goucher, President, J. F 5, 60 

Gregg, David 144 

Hadley, S. H 39 

Hall, President G. Stanley 103 

Hamlin, Cyrus 121 

Heathen, customs of 39 

Darkness of, illustrated 49 

Gods 37 

Heber, Bishop 151 

Hectograph 89 

Hogg, David 13 



INDEX 207 



Holy Apostles Protestant Episcopal Church, Phila- 
delphia, Sunday-school of 127 

Home agencies 138 

Department 20, 21 

Missions. See Missions. 

Horace Mann School, New York City 92 

Hyde Park Baptist Church, Chicago,' Illinois 49 

Idols 37, 103, 104 

Imaginary journeys. See Journeys. 

India 31, 48, 79, 94 

Indian stories 41 

Indians 50 

Institutes 22, 161 

Intermediate department 18, 19 

Mission study in 64, 65 

International Sunday School Association 13 

Editorial Committee, on points of policy.. 179, 180 

Lesson Committee 4, 16 

Islands 36 

Isle of France 83 

Jacobs, B. F 13, 14 

Japan 31, 36, 50, 63, 93, 95, 104, 114, 115, 133 

Curios, with course on customs 46, 47 

Jefferson, Dr. Charles E 1,2 

Jesus Christ 2, 35, 137, 144 

The greatest missionary 7 

"John Williams, 5 ' the 135 

Journeys, imaginary. See Maps. 

Judson, Adoniram 113 

Junior societies 33, 133 

Kingsley, Charles 76 

Korea 3 

Lawrance, Marion 13 

Leaflets. See Literature. 

Lectures, stereopticon 133 

Letters and figures, gummed for mounting work 173, 191 
Letters, from missionaries. See Missionary letters. 

Li Hung Chang 149 

Librarian, special for missionary library 70 



208 INDEX 

Libraries, missionary, 

16, 22, 42, 66-81, 96, 109, 110, 182-188 

Advertising 73-75, 78 

Book review programs 76, 77 

Cataloging 70, 78 

Circulating 70-79 

Comments of readers 72, 73 

Convention program on 167, 168 

Dedication of 42, 71, 74 

Forms of posters and bulletins on 74, 75, 78 

Leaflets for 52, 79, 80, 189, 190 

Librarian for 70 

Magazines on file in 80, 81, 189 

Manuals of method to be in 190 

Mottoes aiding ,-. 74 

Offering of prize for reading 73 

Pastor may increase circulation 72 

Plan by Sunday-school committee or board for 

securing i 67, 68 

Providing funds to secure 68-70 

Public libraries serving in place of 81 

Quotations, suggesting value of 71, 75, 76 

To have prominent place 70,73 

"Light of Japan" 129 

Literature, missionary 16, 31 

Books 67, 172 

Books for primary department use 52 

Gives strength to character 66, 68 

Incites to action 66 

Leaflets 52 

Magazines 52, 105 

See also Giving and Stezvardship, Prayer. 

Livingstone David 3, 13, 36, 83, 113, 147 

London Missionary Society 135 

Longfellow 104 

Lough, Professor James E 117 

Lullabies 38, 49 

Mackay, Alexander 3, 83 

Mackenzie, John Kenneth 149 

Madagascar ,.,.,.., 103 

Magazines. See Literature. 



. INDEX 209 

Maps, missionary 30, 32, 35, 82-95, 191 

As to countries 88-90 

As to world field 83-87 

Composing missionary exhibits 173 

First display of 84 

Flying trips shown 85 

Globe, as an accessory 90 

Journeys, actual and imaginary, with 71, 72, 85-88 

Making of 99-101 

Marking of fields or stations to which school 

sends money, etc 87-89 

Mimeograph or hectograph for making 89 

Outline forms and uses 88-90, 93 

Railroad, steamship and other lines, as 

agencies 86-87 

Reviews with 87 

Stencil aid for blackboard forms of 89 

See also Constructive work, Sand trays. 

McAuley mission 39 

McClure, James G. K 145 

Mead, Rev. George W 10 

Medical missions 39 

Methodist Episcopal Church, missionary gifts of 

Sunday-schools 12, 120 

Methods, course on for teachers 20 

In primary department 44 

Manuals of 190 

Mills, Samuel J 113 

Mimeograph 89 

Mission bands, among boys and girls 64, 134 

Mission study 5, 6 

Among college students 56 

Among young people 57 

By the Sunday-school 60-65 

Convention program on 165-167 

Value of 7, 8, 58-60 

Mission study classes 18, 19, 21, 29, 57, 60 

In the Sunday-school 62-65 

Material for exhibits by 173, 174 

Mission study courses, 18, 20, 56, 63-65, 181-182 

Mission study text-books 16, 57, 63, 181, 182 



210 INDEX 

Missionaries, addresses byf 29 

Great need of increasing, on the field 8 

Lives of 36, 71 

Prayers of 145-152 

Recruited from colleges 56 

Sunday-school could provide enough 9 

Missionary, address 159, 160 

Committee. See Sunday-school. 

Concerts 23, 24, 38 

Conferences 24 

Conventions 24 

Exhibits. See Exhibits. 

Hymns 37, 38, 71 

Illustrations with Sunday-school lessons 16 

Letters 30, 42, 141 

Library. See Libraries. 
Literature. See Literature. 
Maps. See Maps. 

Methods 20, 44, 190 

Programs. See Programs. 

Reading courses 21 

Schools 11 

Socials 110 

Societies, in the church 69 

Societies, in the Sunday-school. See Sunday- 
school. 

Missionary exercises or programs 29-31 

In primary department 44-55 

In senior and intermediate departments 25-43 

Material from magazines for 81 

Missions, foreign 45, 55, 59, 132, 142, 153 

Home 39, 45, 54, 59, 63, 132, 142, 146, 153 

Missions in the Sunday School 6,7 

Convention program on 162, 163 

Mite-boxes and other collecting designs, 

53, 54, 130, 131, 192 

Monthly missionary exercises, or program 163-165 

See also Missionary exercises or programs. 

Moore, Bishop 113 

Moravian Church 11 

"Morning Star," the 135 

"Morning Watch," the 143 

Mott, John R 145, 150 

Mott, Mrs. John R 30 



INDEX 211 

Mottoes 74, 109, 111-114 

Mounting pictures and exhibits 109, 175, 176 

Murray, Andrew 136, 144 

Museum, missionary 22 

Music, for missionary exercises 37, 38 

Native Christians. See Christians. 

Neesima, Joseph Hardy 36, 48, 150 

New Hebrides 40 

Newell, Harriet 83 

Normal department 20 

North Avenue Presbyterian Church, New Rochelle, 

New Ytfrk 124 

Objects, and lessons with 49, 50, 109-111, 141, 192 

Offering. See Giving, missionary. 

Olin, Dr 79 

Olivet Chapel, New York City 126 

Oodooville Girls' School 149 

Pandita Ramabai 48, 149 

Parents, interest and help 50, 51, 53 

Passe-partout mounting 109 

Pastors, may well consider resolutions 123 

On the results of mission study 59, 60 

Responsive toward missionary library 69, 72 

Paton, John G 45, 145, 146 

Paul, the apostle 144 

Peloubet, F. N 10 

Penrose, Valeria F 39 

Pepper, John P 4 

Picture cards, on Japan 47 

Pictures 103, 192 

Influence of 103, 104 

Securing 105, 106 

Using, 30, 32, 35, 45, 50, 51, 71, 104, 105, 106-109, 141 

Pierson, Arthur T 148 

"Porcelain Tower, The" 104 

Postage stamps 108 

Postcards 108 

Oriental 106 



212 INDEX 

Practical missionary work by the Sunday-school, 

24, 153, 158 

For church and Sunday-school 154, 155 

For foreign missions 157, 158 

For home missions 156, 157 

Prayer, answers to 148-151 

Examples of 145-147 

Hymns and poems on 151, 152 

Instruction in .' 139, 142-145 

Literature on 144, 145, 190 

Plans for cultivating 139, 140 

Testimonies concerning 150, 151 

Prayer, for missions, and in missionary exercises, 

16, 23, 27, 28, 46, 52, 53, 71, 140 

A vital force, in the Sunday School ... 136, 137 

Circles of 142 

Cycle of 139 

Essential to world evangelization 137 

Help of missionary maps in 141 

Themes of, and presentation 137-142 

Trips 141 

Presbyterian Church of Canada 19 

Primary, department 19, 44-55 

Unions 22 

Prizes 43 

Programs — 

Book review 76 

Home mission 39 

"Prayer and Missions" 141 

Suggestions for, primary department 48-51 

Suggestive 39-41, 192 

See also Convention programs, Missionary ex- 
ercises. 

Protestant Christianity 2 

Members, property and missionary giving of, in 
United States 98, 119 

Protestant Episcopal Church — 

Easter offerings 127 

Public schools, libraries in 81 

Maps from 90 

Stimulating standards of 64, 82, 103 

Story telling in 33, 85 

Teachers may give missionary map exercises, 84, 86 

Pueblo design 92, 93 



INDEX 213 

Questions in exercises and programs 41, 42, 86, 113 

Quotations 151 

See also Libraries. 

Railroad and other lines — 
See Maps. 

Ramabai, Pandita 43, 149 

Recitations 42, 49 

Religious interest, age of 4 

Revivals 11, 136, 137, 138 

Richardson, of Madagascar 103 

Rishell, Charles W 6 

Roman Catholic Church 1 

Sand tray 51 

Making of 91 

Using of 91-95 

Schauffler, Mrs. A. F 126 

Scrap-books 51, 108 

Scripture. See Bible. 

Scudder, Dr 79 

Secretaries of denominational Missionary Societies 
or Boards, to be addressed, 

65, 156-158, 160, 181, 189, 193 

Sedan-chairs 86, 95 

Selwyn, Bishop 113 

Senior department 17, 18, 25-29 

"Sinim" 35 

"Social Evils in the Non-Christian World" 39 

Songs, national and other, in missionarv exercises 

and programs 27, 28, 38, 42, 49 

South Street Presbyterian Sunday-school, Morris- 
town, New Jersey 133 

Southey, Robert 137, 145, 150 

Souvenirs, home made 42 

Specific gifts '. 134, 135 

Speer, Robert E 137, 145, 150 

Stencil aid 38, 89 

Used for missionary music 38 

Stereopticon 43, 117, 118, 133, 193 

Stereoscope 116, 117-193 

Stories and story telling, 

33-35, 47, 48, 71, 85, 110, 141, 150, 151 



214 INDEX 

Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Mis- 
sions 8, 56, 59 

Convention report of 160 

Sully, Professor James 109 

Summer assemblies 24, 161 

Sunday-school, Associations 24 

Average size of schools 14 

Board 15 

Classes 29,33,42,43,68, 69, 117 

Convention programs. See Convention programs. 

Gaining in missionary spirit : 10, 11 

Gifts to missions. See Giving, missionary. 

Institutes 22 

Lessons as to missions 16 

Library and museum, to preserve missionary 

charts, pictures and curios 96, 109, 110 

Members of church from 2, 4 

Membership of 9 

Missionary committee of. . 12, 14, 15, 24, 28, 43, 68 

Missionary policy of 15 

Missionary society of 12 

Offering. See Giving, missionary. 

Officers .. 123, 131, 140 

Opportunity of . 3 

Primary superintendent 45 

Saving Protestant Christianity 2 

Superintendent promoting missions, 

12, 13, 127, 140, 143 

Support by the church 121 

Teachers advancing missions, 13, 14, 20, 28, 29, 
42, 45, 53, 64, 68, 71, 90, 131, 140, 143. 

Unions 22 

Superintendent. See Sunday-school. 

Syria 133 

Taylor, J. Hudson 149 

Teachers. See Sunday-school. 

Teachers' meeting 21 

Teaching work of Church 1 

Tennyson 151 

Thoburn, Bishop 3, 8, 79 

Tierra del Fuego 36, 146 

Training 1, 4 

For teaching missions 16, 20 



INDEX 215 



Travel 31, 67, 71 

Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church Sunday- 
school, Albany, New York 128 

"Unanimous Library Scheme" 78 

United Society of Christian Endeavor, New- 
York City Union 78 

Wall of, and walled cities of, China 94 

Warne, Bishop 121 

Washington Street Congregational Sunday- 
school, Toledo, Ohio 154 

Wells, Amos R 43 

Wilder, Robert P 37 

Woman's Missionary societies 29 

Women 34 

World evangelization. See Evangelisation. 

Yangtse River 94 

Young, Egerton R 41 

Young men 42 

Young Men's Christian Association 81, 144 

Young people 3, 4 

Missionary literature for 67 

Mission study by 57 

Testimonies as to value of mission study, 

7, 8, 58 

Young People's Missionary Movement 29 

To be addressed 181-183, 189, 193 

Young People's Societies 29, 144 

May help secure missionary libraries 69 

Zinzendorf, Count 104 



0"/ A 



Jr,!SRft5I£ F CONGRESS 







